Taking into account the European integration course of Ukraine, it is necessary to evaluate the socio-economic conditions of cultural sphere development in the countries of the European Union, because it is an integral part of creative industries and improvement of social capital. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors of cultural sphere development in the EU countries due to its importance for the system of creative industries and the process of social capital accumulation, outlining the possibilities of European experience adaptation in this sphere for Ukraine. The scientific and methodology approaches were developed to the definition of cultural sphere development factors in the EU countries from the point of view of its influence on the formation of social capital and creative industries. A comparative analysis of socio-economic development of cultural sphere in 2011-2019 was realized, including evaluation of spatial differences in its functioning on the base of variation indicators calculating and tracking their dynamics. The specification of multiple regression models was done, in which the explained variables became employment in cultural sphere (Y1) and the value of its gross value added (Y2). It is found out that the place and significance of the cultural sphere for the national economy of each EU country differ, whereas the environment of its functioning is relatively stable, which contributes to the formation of proper conditions for the accumulation of social capital and the development of creative industries. It is substantiated that spatial differences in cultural sphere development have been intensified in the EU countries due to the different intensity of social capital and creative industries network formation. The multiple regression analysis revealed that a number of explanatory variables (demographic situation, tourism activity, unemployment rate, and education index) influence employment and gross value added of the cultural sphere. It is determined that for the cultural sphere of Ukraine, taking into account the European integration and experience of the EU countries, it is important to ensure the stability of cultural sphere, minimize the effects of the demographic crisis, promote tourism development, and regulate the employment policy, which, due to synergy, will influence the social capital and the positions of creative industries in the national economy.
The key theoretical and methodological approaches to understanding the importance of the sector of information and communication technologies (SICT) have been found out to improve the public goods reproduction in the national economy.The purpose is to determine the main theoretical and methodological principles of influencing the SICTon the public goods permanent production in the national economy. In the article, such scientific methods as deduction and induction, analysis and synthesis, comparison and analogiesare used. It has been found that using the achievements of the SICT positively affects the ability to meet the needs in the public goods for group of people when they are aware them as a specific purpose of the activity aimed at improving human development, solving the modern environmental problems and providing progressive changes in the economic system.The author has substantiated that the development of the SICT improves the effectiveness of the interaction of the state, firms and households in this sphere through provision of information services, software development, intensification of using computer equipment and technology by their consumers and manufacturers.Additionally, it has been defined that this enhances communication between the public goods reproduction and economic agents engaged in this activity at the national and regional levels, taking into account such features of the digitalization in the economy of Ukraine as a gradual development of digital literacy, improving the quality of Internet services and the formation of digital social norms. Based on influencing the SICT on the public goods reproduction, the main theoretical and epistemological vectors of the content disclosure for the economic nature of this process by classification criteria are specified. The author has determined that improving the effectiveness of the public goods reproduction process is connected with intensification of using information and communication technologies through the development of various Internet platforms of the interaction of their producers and users, increasing digital literacy of consumers, provision of information and consulting services, implementation of measures to ensure the availability of hardware and the formation of a culture of digital interaction.
Given the reform of state policy in the field of culture and the implementation of sustainable development strategy in Ukraine, there is a need to analyse the state of budgetary providing in this area in the regional context. The purpose is to determine the peculiarities of state budgeting of the cultural sphere at subnational level and to substantiate practical recommendations for improving its financing in the context of implementing the strategy of sustainable development of the Ukrainian economy. Such scientific and methodological tools as induction and deduction, comparison, synthesis, factor analysis by the method of principal components and econometric modelling are used. In 2003—2018, the tendencies of changes of local budgets expenditures on the sphere of culture in Ukraine are estimated. The author has determined that the dynamics of local budget expenditures on culture and art was fluctuating, but due to the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development «Ukraine — 2020» recorded weak positive changes in approaches to budgetary providing in this sphere at the regional level. A comparative analysis of the state of this sphere financing from local budgets in Ukraine and EU countries was carried out, it is identified that in our country the expenditures of local budgets on this sphere are lower than in these countries. The following scientific approach to the assessment of trends in budget funding for cultural sphere at the subnational level is proposed: specification of the main factors influencing the amount of local budget expenditures on culture and art by region; caring out factor analysis by the method of principal components for structuring factors and their ranking by regions; finding a sample regression function to determine the peculiarities of the influence of the studied factors on the expenditures of local budgets on culture and art in the regions of Ukraine. It is substantiated that the improvement of budgetary financing of cultural sphere of Ukraine at the subnational level is based on a clear definition of approaches to the allocation of budgetary resources to this sphere, related to strengthening the fiscal capacity of local budgets, measures concerning stimulation of business activity and improvement of socio-demographic situation.
One of the components of the sustainable economic development strategy of Ukraine is the reform of the state policy in the cultural sphere (CS). The implementation of a set of measures in this direction involves modification of the current model of budgetary financing of cultural activities at the national and subnational levels. In view of this, there is a need to evaluate the budgeting situation of the CS in a regional context and identify its peculiarities in the context of modern requirements that arose in connection with the realization of the sustainable development strategy of the Ukrainian economy. This involves the formation of scientific and methodological approaches to assessing the budgetary financing of the CS at the subnational level from the point of view of changing the imperative of Ukraine’s development.
The scientific and methodological approach to the analysis of the peculiarities of the higher education market functioning in the EU countries in the system of human capital formation is represented. The purpose is to identify the chief factors influencing the development of the higher education market in the EU countries from the standpoint of human capital accumulation, to form scientific and practical approaches to improve its functioning in the economy of Ukraine. The author has proposed: to carry out a comparative analysis of the dynamics of higher education market in the EU countries (2013-2019) and in Ukraine, to evaluate the indicators of variation of this market in general and by educational and vocational levels; to determine the system of correlations between the capacity of the higher education market in the EU countries and the set of economic and socio-demographic indicators of development by means of multiple regression analysis. Taking into account the human capital accumulation, it is established that the market of higher education in the EU countries is characterized by a number of structural features: focus on education in public higher education institutions with a slight trend to reduce the share of students enrolled in them in 2013-2019; differentiation by educational and vocational levels of higher education, public and private higher education institutions; sensitivity to the economic situation and the state of budget financing, demographic processes, the amount of household income, prospects for employment and career growth. In view of the EU countries experience, it is important for Ukraine to pay attention to improving the functioning of the market segment of higher education services, which includes public higher education institutions and create a favourable environment for private education institutions activities, public policy measures aimed at macroeconomic stability, development of the labour market and improvement of the financial situation of households.
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