Further training should be provided to professionals caring for patients undergoing craniotomy to better manage post-operative headache.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pain relief is a basic human right and an ethical issue involving all health professionals. This study aimed at describing what professionals of a multidisciplinary hospital team know about pain and analgesia. METHODS: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with quantitative approach, carried out at the Teaching Hospital of the Federal University of Sergipe. Sample was made up of 33 physicians, 26 nurses, 10 physiotherapists, 8 pharmacists and 5 psychologists. Data collection tool was a self-applied questionnaire encompassing knowledge about definitions and types of pain, evaluation and measurement, pharmacological and non-pharmacological management, and professional qualification in pain. Data were analyzed by simple descriptive statistics and are presented as tables. RESULTS: Participants of the study were predominantly females (72.0%), young adults (40.2%), with residence as maximum qualification (53.7%). Pain was considered discomfort/ unpleasant sensation (46.3%) and chronic pain was defined as a symptom 48.8%). Only one professional reported using multimodal treatment for pain relief. Most professionals stated having acquired knowledge about pain and analgesia after graduation (79.3%) and that they feel the need for specific qualification (70.7%). CONCLUSION: This study has provided a situational diagnosis of the knowledge of the multiprofessional team of the hospital, showing that there is inconsistency between participants' theoretical basis and their role in handling pain and humanizing assistance.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the validity and reliability of the Brazilian version of the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS-Br) in victims of traumatic brain injury.MethodsObservational prospective study with paired and repeated measures conducted at two intensive care units (clinical and surgical) of a large general hospital. The convenience sample consisted of adult victims of moderate or severe penetrating or blunt craniocerebral trauma who were sedated and mechanically ventilated. A total of 432 paired observations were performed by independent evaluators simultaneously, prior to eye cleaning, during eye cleaning, during tracheal aspiration and after tracheal aspiration. Sociodemographic, clinical, trauma-related, sedoanalgesia and physiological parameter data (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) were collected. The discriminant validity was tested using the Friedman and Wilcoxon paired tests. The intraclass correlation coefficient and Cohen's Kappa coefficient were used to evaluate the reliability. The Spearman correlation test was used to test the association between clinical variables and BPS-Br scores during tracheal aspiration.ResultsThere was a significant increase in the physiological parameters during tracheal aspiration, but without correlation with the BPS-Br scores. Pain was significantly more intense during tracheal aspiration (p < 0.005). Satisfactory interobserver agreement was found, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.95 (0.90 - 0.98) and Kappa coefficient of 0.70.ConclusionBrazilian version of the Behavioral Pain Scale scores increased during tracheal aspiration. The Brazilian version of the scale was valid and reliable for pain assessment of traumatic brain injury victims undergoing tracheal aspiration.

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Introduction:The dengue fever remains to be a disease of serious public health concern, and its incidence has increased in the past decades. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiological incidence of dengue in the period [2001][2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010]. Methods: This is an epidemiological study of dengue in the municipality of Aracaju, state of Sergipe, in the period between 2001 and 2010, whose data were obtained from the Information System of Diseases Notifications. A descriptive analysis of the number of confirmed cases of dengue, according to year, semester, sanitary district, age, and sex, was performed. Results: There were 16,462 confirmed cases, especially in 2008, which obtained the highest incidence of the disease, with 10,485 confirmed cases. The first semester obtained the highest registration of cases during the years of research; this was predominated by females between 15 and 49 years old. With regard to the territorial distribution, the second district of the municipality obtained the highest number of cases. Conclusions: In 2008, in the City of Aracaju, SE, a significant increase in the proportion of dengue cases compared with other years was verified. However, a fast decline in the other years was observed, possibly because of the intensification of preventive actions to combat the mosquito that transmits the dengue virus.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a presença de dor em pacientes submetidos à craniotomia eletiva e a localização dela. Método: Pesquisa descritiva, longitudinal com abordagem quantitativa. A casuística constituiu-se de 92 pacientes submetidos à craniotomia eletiva. Resultados: Os dados demonstram que 60,9% dos pacientes eram do sexo feminino, 56,5%, solteiros e 34,8%, oriundos da capital. No primeiro dia pós-operatório 63% dos pacientes queixavam-se de dor, e a cefaleia foi a principal queixa em 39,1% dos entrevistados. Constatou-se que 23,9% dos pacientes apresentavam dor intensa no primeiro dia pós-cirurgia. Em 6,5% dos entrevistados, a dor intensa persistia até o oitavo dia pós-cirurgia. A posição foi o fator agravante da dor em 10,9% dos pacientes no primeiro dia pós-operatório. Conclusão: A dor esteve presente na maioria dos pacientes submetidos à craniotomia eletiva, e a cefaleia foi a principal queixa dolorosa, caracterizada como moderada a intensa. O manejo adequado da dor não deve ser negligenciado, tendo em vista que o controle da dor é um direito do paciente. ABSTRACT Prevalence of pain in the postoperative of elective craniotomy Objective: To Identify the presence of pain in patients undergoing craniotomy and its location. Method: Descriptive, longitudinal research with a quantitative approach was performed. The series consisted of 92 patients undergoing elective craniotomy. Results: 60.9% of patients were female, 56.5% single, 34.8% originated from the capital city. On the first postoperative day 63% of patients complained of pain and migraine was the main complaint in 39.1% of the interviewees. It was found that 23.9% of patients had severe pain on the first day after surgery. In 6.5% of the interviewees, the intense pain persisted until the eighth day after surgery. The position was the aggravating factor of pain in 10.9% of patients in the first postoperative day. Conclusion: The pain was present in most patients undergoing craniotomy, and the main complaint was the migraine pain, characterized as moderate to severe. Proper handling of pain should not be neglected, once pain control is a patient's right.

Objetivo: mapear na literatura as terapias não farmacológicas utilizadas no alívio da dor em mulheres submetidas ao rastreamento e diagnóstico do câncer de mama. Metodologia: estudo do tipo revisão de escopo realizado em nove fontes de dados através dos descritores mamografia, biopsia por agulha, terapias complementares e dor. Dois pesquisadores independentes realizaram a busca dos estudos e um pesquisador aplicou os critérios de inclusão e exclusão e realizou a análise. Foram incluídos os estudos que respondiam à questão de pesquisa, totalizando doze publicações. A extração dos dados da pesquisa foi executada através de instrumentos construídos pelos autores que permitiram a categorização das informações apresentadas. Resultados: dentre a amostra final de doze estudos, os métodos não farmacológicos utilizados foram musicoterapia, meditação, hipnose, exercícios físicos, intervenções de enfermagem e toque terapêutico. Observou-se, que a musicoterapia, os exercícios físicos e as intervenções de enfermagem foram utilizados na redução da dor durante a mamografia, e os demais métodos encontrados foram testados no procedimento de biópsia. Conclusão: evidenciou-se que os métodos não farmacológicos utilizados no alívio da dor durante o rastreamento e diagnóstico do câncer de mama são efetivos e podem contribuir para mudanças nos protocolos de atendimentos por serem uma ferramenta de fácil acesso, baixo custo, criativa, segura e que fornece benefícios às mulheres.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pain is a subjective manifestation of unpleasant, personal and untransferable experience, produced by tissue injury involving physical and chemical body mechanisms. This study aimed at identifying the presence of acute pain in the postoperative period of appendectomy, at checking pain records, at describing postoperative complications and at comparing pain management and the adequacy of analgesia. METHODS: This is a transversal, descriptive and quantitative study. Sample was made up of 41 patients submitted to appendectomy. A semi-structured interview was carried out with information about use of analgesics, presence of postoperative pain, pain site, consequences of pain and visual analog scale. To evaluate pain management and the quality of analgesia, the Pain Management Index proposed by the World Health Organization was calculated. RESULTS: From total sample, 61% were males, mean age was 34.36±11.64 years, 70.7% were married and all patients have referred pain. In 90.2% of cases there was no pain recording in medical charts. Surgical incision was the major pain site and its primary consequence was impaired physical mobility. As to pain intensity, 22.2% of patients had moderate pain and were inadequately treated according to Pain Management Index. CONCLUSION: There has been considerable inadequacy of analgesia, pain recording in medical charts was scarce and no nursing professional has recorded pain. Surgical incision was major pain complaint site and impaired mobility was the primary complication. Our data bring about the need for investments in health professionals qualification with regard to pain management.