Objective: to describe the occurrence of COVID-19 and the health services used by elderly individuals living by themselves; identify the knowledge held by elderly individuals regarding the transmission, signs and symptoms of COVID-19, as well as factors associated with poor knowledge of preventive measures according to sociodemographic and clinical variables. Method: cross-sectional survey conducted by telephone or mobile with 123 elderly individuals living by themselves in the Health Macro-Region of Triângulo Sul in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Descriptive analysis was performed along with bivariate and multiple linear regression (p<0.05). Results: most elderly individuals did not present COVID-19 signs and symptoms (97.5%), were aware of how it is transmitted (86.6%), and of its signs and symptoms (90.8%). The elderly individuals were familiar with four preventive measures on average. After social distancing began, 85.7% of them left home and implemented three preventive measures on average, the most frequent of which was the use of face masks (99.0%). Being a man (p=0.001), 80 years old or older (p=0.045), and having fewer years of schooling (p=0.010) were associated with having less knowledge regarding the COVID-19 preventive measures. Conclusion: the elderly individuals were knowledgeable on COVID-19, but did not implement all the preventive measures. Male elderly individuals living by themselves with a low educational level are more vulnerable to COVID-19.
Objective: verify the prevalence of abuse and probable alcohol dependence in the elderly; describe sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the elderly; and verify the factors associated with alcohol abuse and probable dependence in the elderly. Method: cross-sectional study, observational, domiciliary survey type, conducted with 614 elderly people living in the urban area of the city of Uberaba, Brazil. The Mini Mental State Examination, sociodemographic instrument, Older Americans Resources and Services Questionnaire, Geriatric Depression Scale and Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test - Geriatric Version were used. Statistical analysis was performed in the Statiscal Package for Social Sciences. Results: the prevalence of abuse and probable alcohol dependence was 26.5%. Among the elderly with abuse and probable dependence on alcohol, there was predominance of males, 60 |- 70 years old, who lived with a spouse or partner, had 1 |- 5 years of schooling, individual monthly income from 1 -| 3 minimum wages, five or more morbidities and no indication of depressive symptoms. Abuse and probable alcohol dependence were associated with males and the presence of depressive symptoms. Conclusion: the study reinforces the need to identify early abuse and probable alcohol dependence in the elderly and to invest in health action strategies for the purpose of health promotion, disease prevention and rehabilitation of the elderly.
Objetivos: analisar a rede de apoio social, as atividades realizadas e os fatores associados à presença de sentimentos negativos dos idosos que moram só, durante o distanciamento social pela COVID-19. Método: estudo transversal com 119 idosos que moram só na Macrorregião do Triângulo Sul, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados no domicílio e com instrumentos validados no país. Procederam-se as análises descritivas e regressão binária múltipla (p<0,05). Resultados: 97,5% tinham rede de apoio social para necessidades de saúde e na manutenção do distanciamento social (79,8%). A atividade mais realizada foi serviços domésticos (77,3%). A presença de sentimentos negativos se associou ao sexo feminino (p<0,001) e ao menor número de atividades realizadas (p=0,012). Conclusão: os dados contribuem na elaboração de ações de saúde, evidenciando situações no cotidiano do idoso exacerbadas durante a pandemia da COVID-19, como os aspectos relacionados aos sentimentos negativos vivenciados pelos idosos que moram só.
Objetivos: descrever a média total de independência geral e por domínios de comunicação dos idosos da comunidade e verificar as variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde associadas à maior média de independência de comunicação entre os idosos. Métodos: estudo transversal e analítico, desenvolvido entre 808 idosos da comunidade. Procederam-se às análises: descritiva, bivariada e regressão linear múltipla (p<0,05). Resultados: verificou-se necessidade mínima de auxílio na comunicação (6,43±0,77); quanto aos domínios obteve maior escore de independência de comunicação nas necessidades básicas (6,88±0,51) e menor na leitura, escrita e conceitos numéricos (5,96±1,63). A maior média de independência de comunicação associou-se à faixa etária 60├80 (p<0,001); ter escolaridade (p<0,001); renda maior que um salário mínimo (p<0,001); à ausência do declínio cognitivo (p<0,001) e do indicativo de sintomas depressivos (p=0,014). Conclusão: a escolaridade, menor idade, maior renda e a ausência do declínio cognitivo e do indicativo de sintomas depressivos contribuíram para maior independência de comunicação.
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