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Introduction Obesity is a complex and multifactorial metabolic disorder characterized by the accumulation of body fat; physical exercise increases energy expenditure and promotes a reparative effect through modulation of endogenous antioxidant defenses. Objective To evaluate the effects of the high-fat diet (HFD) on oxidative stress parameters in skeletal muscles of rats using aerobic exercise training protocols (AETP), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Methods The study was quantitative and experimental. Animals received 8 weeks of HFD or normal diet (ND), followed by 9 weeks of HFD or ND and the two AETPs. Results HFD did not alter the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBA-RS), total sulfhydryl and protein carbonyl content in the soleus and plantaris muscles; in contrast, the protocols caused a decrease in TBA-RS levels in the plantaris muscle and increased the sulfhydryl content in the soleus muscle, while MICT increased the sulfhydryl content in the plantaris muscle and reduced protein carbonyl content in both muscles. HFD reduced SOD activity in the plantaris muscle while the MICT protocol enhanced SOD in the soleus muscle and both protocols reversed the decrease in SOD in the plantaris muscle. HFD increased CAT activity in the soleus muscle, the HIIT protocol prevented this alteration and both protocols increased CAT in the plantaris muscle. HFD reduced GSH-Px activity in both muscles, and the MICT protocol prevented this reduction in the soleus muscle, while the HIIT protocol partially prevented this decrease. The MICT protocol did not prevent the reduction of GSH-Px and the HIIT protocol partially prevented this decrease in the plantaris muscle. Conclusions HFD elicited oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle of rats, and both protocols were able to prevent most of the alterations in oxidative stress parameters caused by the HFD. Level of evidence IV; Investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO: O diagnóstico de Diabetes mellitus Gestacional proporciona alterações na rotina da gestante. Por conta disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a qualidade de vida das gestantes antes e após o diagnóstico de Diabetes mellitus Gestacional e traçar o perfil das gestantes portadoras desse diagnóstico acompanhadas em um ambulatório de alto risco de maternidade pública. Trata-se de estudo observacional com 127 gestantes portadoras de Diabetes mellitus Gestacional (DMG), realizado de março a julho de 2014. Utilizou-se o questionário de Ferrans e Powers. Observou-se queda no grau de satisfação da QV no escore total (26,7 vs 25,3; DP: 2,0 vs 2,3; p < 0,01) e no IQV saúde/ funcionamento (26,8 vs 24,1; DP: 2,4 vs 3,4; p < 0,01) antes e após o diagnóstico. Nos outros itens avaliados não encontramos queda na QV (IQV família: 28,1 vs 28,1; DP: 2,4 vs 2,4; p = 0,986; IQV socioeconômico: 26,8 vs 26,1; DP: 2,9 vs 3,0; p = 0,078; IQV psicológico/ espiritual: 27,5 vs 27,0; DP: 2,9 vs 3,0; p = 0,196). O DMG tem um impacto negativo na QV da gestante. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Diabetes mellitus; Gravidez; Qualidade de Vida. INFLUENCE OF DIAGNOSIS FOR DIABETES

Objective To compare Doppler ultrasonographic measurements of the fetal middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA PSV) among women with or without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A cross‐sectional study was conducted among pregnant women who presented for prenatal care at a single hospital in Brazil between September 11, 2015, and January 6, 2017. Patients were stratified into a group with GDM and a control group without GDM. One Doppler ultrasonographic assessment was performed per participant. This measurement was made after diagnosis but before the start of treatment among women in the GDM group. Fetal ultrasonographic and biometric variables assessed included MCA PSV, MCA pulsatility index, umbilical artery pulsatility index, the MCA–to‐umbilical artery ratio, abdominal circumference, and weight. Results The study included 238 women: 115 in the GDM group and 123 in the control group. The median MCA PSV was 1.02 in the GDM group and 1.08 in the control group (P=0.036). No statistically significant between‐group differences were found for the other fetal ultrasonographic variables or for the fetal biometric variables assessed. None of the maternal or fetal parameters assessed displayed a linear correlation with MCA PSV. Conclusion Doppler ultrasonographic measurements of MCA PSV were lowered among the fetuses of women diagnosed with GDM.

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The objective of the study was to identify the relationship between gestational weight gain, type of treatment used, and the weight of the baby at birth. This being an observational retrospective study, the primary outcomes evaluated were: the type of treatment used and the classification of the baby's weight at birth. Collection occurred from January 2013 to May 2015. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios. Of the 682 pregnant women, 393 (57.6%) had a weight gain that was less than adequate, 140 (20.5%) showed adequate weight gain, and 149 (21.9%) had a weight gain that was higher than adequate. Weight gain that was less than adequate did not correlate with treatment used or with birth weight classification; higher-than-adequate weight gain was also not associated with the type of treatment used but decreased the chance of having a child considered normal for its gestational age by 50% and doubled the chance of having child considered large for gestational age. Comparing the groups according to the weight gain by means of the odds ratio, no difference was found in the therapy used. O Mundo da Saúde, São Paulo -2018;42(2):415-433 Abstract Association between gestational weight gain, birth weight classification, and type of treatment in diabetic mothers

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