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A biofloc system is rich in nutrients, which favors the cultivation of macroalgae, but the influence of the system on the performance of macroalgae is unknown. The objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility of introducing the macroalgae Ulva lactuca into the culture of Litopenaeus vannamei in a biofloc system. The first experiment evaluated the influence of 400 mg L−1 and 30 mg L−1 solids concentration of the system in biofloc and von Stosch culture medium on macroalgae growth. In the second experiment, the densities of 1, 2, and 3 g L−1 of U. lactuca were cultivated in an integrated system with shrimp and monoculture treatment. Both experiments had 35 days of cultivation. There was no significant difference in macroalgae growth between the treatments with biofloc and von Stosch culture medium. In the integrated culture, the density of 1 g L−1 showed better nutrient absorption. Shrimp performance was not affected by macroalgae cultivation. In conclusion, the solids did not affect the growth of the macroalgae, and it could be cultivated in a biofloc system for nitrate uptake in integrated culture with shrimp.

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the growth of Arthrospira platensis in the effluent of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaues vannamei grown in biofloc systems. In the first experiment, A. platensis grew for 12 days in different dilutions (100, 10, 1%) of effluent and in the fertilizer medium in order to determine ideal dilution for the growth of the microalgae in the effluent. At the end of the experiment, the biofloc 100% treatment showed a significantly higher cell density than the fertilizer medium treatment. A second experiment, which lasted for 20 days, was conducted in order to evaluate the growth and bioremediation potential in treatments without total suspended solids, which were removed by decantation, and untreated effluent. The final biomass in the biofloc treatment was 0.50 ± 0.59 g/L and 0.18 ± 0.14 g/L in the biofloc decanted treatment. Both treatments removed 90% of phosphate from the effluent. Nitrate values oscillated throughout the experiment. Thus, it is possible to affirm that

Integrating marine shrimp and tilapia has been shown to be a viable alternative in a system based on bioflocs, but there is no consensus on the spatial arrangement of farmed animals. The present study aims to (1) compare the performance of shrimp and fish in high density when subjected to polyculture (species in the same tank) and multitrophic (species in different tanks) arrangements, and (2) effects on water quality, especially on organic matter (biofloc). The experiment was carried out for 30 days, and three treatments with bioflocs were evaluated in triplicate: control: shrimp monoculture, polyculture: shrimp and tilapia in the same tank, and multitrophic: shrimp and tilapia in separate tanks. The results show that the best product configuration is the multitrophic system, where the biological control of bioflocs took place, and the best performance of the Pacific white shrimp L. vannamei and Nile tilapia O. niloticus was obtained. Tilapia, as an organic consumer, was effective in controlling bioflocs.

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