Variaciones estacionales de los ensambles de Diptera en espacios verdes urbanos de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina: misma riqueza, distinta composición RESUMEN. La estacionalidad puede tener una influencia directa en la estructuración de las comunidades de insectos debido a las distintas preferencias o tolerancias a las condiciones climáticas de las especies que las componen. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los cambios estacionales en dípteros adultos en espacios verdes urbanos. Los dípteros fueron colectados sobre la vegetación con una G-VAC (aspiradora) en espacios verdes urbanos de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina, durante el verano e invierno de 2014. Globalmente, la abundancia de dípteros fue mayor en verano que en invierno, mientras que la riqueza fue similar en ambas estaciones. Sin embargo, la riqueza por sitio fue significativamente menor en invierno, reflejando una distribución más heterogénea y un alto recambio de familias en esta estación. La composición de familias y/o sus abundancias relativas difirieron entre estaciones, reflejando la preferencia estacional de varias familias de Diptera en esta región templada del hemisferio sur. PALABRAS CLAVE. Diversidad. Estacionalidad. Insecta. Paisaje urbano.ABSTRACT. Seasonality can have a direct influence on the structuring of insect communities due to different preferences or tolerances to the climatic conditions of the species that compose them. The aim of this study was to evaluate seasonal changes in adult Diptera assemblages of urban green patches in a southern temperate region. Dipterans were sampled from vegetation with a G-VAC (aspirator) in urban green patches in Córdoba city, Argentina, during the summer and winter of 2014. Overall, dipterans were more abundant in summer than in winter but globally, their richness was similar. However, richness per site was significantly lower in the winter, reflecting a heterogeneous distribution and higher family turnover during this season. Family composition and/or their relative abundances differed between seasons, reflecting the seasonal segregation of several Diptera families in this temperate region of the southern hemisphere.
The growth of cities results in the fragmentation of natural habitats, and the alteration of the remaining ones. The effects of landscape-level drivers on arthropod assemblages in urban green spaces remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of landscape characteristics in Diptera assemblages of urban green patches and their relation with seasonality in a southern hemisphere temperate city. Flies were sampled in urban green patches in C ordoba city, Argentina, in summer and winter of the same year. Landscape metrics derived from Sentinel 2 images were calculated at two levels of spatial heterogeneity hierarchy, at increasing buffer areas. We used generalized linear models to analyse the effects of landscape characteristics on family abundance and richness. Landscape and seasonal effects on Diptera family composition were also assessed. Abundance, richness and composition of dipteran assemblages were associated with the contrasting conditions of summer and winter, urban landscape fragmentation and the aggregation of vegetation patches. In general, fly assemblages were favoured by the aggregation of vegetation patches. The response of dipterans to landscape characteristics differed between seasons. The effects of landscape characteristics on Diptera assemblages' composition were stronger in winter. We concluded that landscape characteristics appear to have a bigger effect when environmental conditions are less favourable for these organisms. Our study provides further understanding of the effects landscape level drivers have on arthropods in green urban patches. This is particularly relevant if we wish to maintain and manage biodiversity through landscape planning.
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