Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) is a widely cultivated variety with a larger fruit size and attractive flesh color. One of the organisms associated with red dragon fruit plants is ants. The general role of ants in plants is insect pests, predators, pollinators, and decomposers. This study aims to determine the types of Formicidae insects and their role as pests on red dragon fruit plants. This study uses descriptive analysis which includes the identification of Formicidae insects, their populations and roles in dragon fruit plants. Formicidae insects associated with red dragon fruit plants consist of 4 genera and 9 species, namely Solenopsis invicta, Acropyga sp., Anoplolepis gracilipes, Iridomyrmex sp., Polyrhachis carbonaria, Eurenolepis sp., Pheidole megachepala, Dorylus sp. and Gesomyrmex sp. Their roles vary from plant pests, predators and pollinators.
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Phymar CSL on the attacks intensity of fruit fly and the effect of its application on the production of chili plants. This research was conducted in Konda 1 Village, Konda District, South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province from April to December 2021. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 7 treatments, namely D0: Control (without Phymar CSL application), D1: 10 mL Phymar CSL/L of water with 1 application/week, D2: 10 mL of Phymar CSL/L of water with 2 applications/week, D3: 20 mL of Phymar CSL/L of water with 1 application/week, D4: 20 mL Phymar CSL/L of water with 2 applications/week, D5: 30 mL of Phymar CSL/L of water with 1 application/week and D6: 30 mL of Phymar CSL/L of water with 2 applications/week. The treatment was repeated three times so that there were 21 treatment units. The variables observed were fruit fly attack intensity (%) and crop production (kg). The results showed that the application of the pesticide Phymar CSL was effective in controlling the fruit fly Bactrocera spp. on chili plants. Treatment D6 (30 mL/L of water with two applications/week) with an average attack intensity of 17.87% showed a more effective treatment than other treatments. The highest production was obtained in the D6 treatment (30 mL/l of water with two applications/week) which was 3,932 kg.
One of the factors that often becomes an obstacle to the productivity of maize plants is the attack of plant pests. The use of refugia plants such as kenikir is alternative pest control that can be tried. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of kenikir plant spacing to the intensity of pest attacks on local Muna maize pulut plants, which was carried out at the Field Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University, using a Randomized Block Design (RAK) consisting of 4 treatments and 4 groups so that there were 16 treatment plots. The treatments tested were no treatment (P0), kenikir plant spacing was 50 cm (P1), 75 cm (P2), and 100 cm (P3). The variables observed were the pest population and the intensity of the attack. The results showed. Plant spacing of kenikir affects the population and intensity of pest attacks on local Muna maize rice plants. The lowest population average of Spodoptera frugiperda was found in the P3 (100 cm spacing of kenikir) of 4,00 individuals with an average attack intensity of 16,03% (5 weeks after planting). In comparison, the lowest beetle population average found in P1 (planting distance of kenikir 50 cm) was 0,25 and 0,50 individuals (for Apogonia sp. and Adoretus ranunculus, respectively), with an average attack intensity of 15,89% (9 weeks after planting)
The purpose of this study was to describe the improvement in short story writing skills after learning to write poetry through the media of caricature images of the Jawa Pos newspaper. This study used a classroom action research method consisting of three cycles, namely cycle I, cycle II, and cycle III. Each cycle consists of 4 stages, namely: planning, action implementation, observation and interpretation, and reflection. The data source is class IX-A students of MTs Negeri 5 Jombang in the 2022/2023 academic year. The technique applied is: students identify the elements of short stories, students observe the Jawa Pos caricature images, students write short stories based on the Jawa Pos caricature images. The results showed that there was a positive change in student behavior. After the action is taken, students become more active, happy, responsible, and find it easier to write short stories. The increase in the percentage of students' short story writing abilities occurred as follows: cycle I was 64.37%, cycle II was 79.36%, and cycle III was 85.89%. It can be concluded that there has been a change in learning behavior in a positive direction followed by an increase in short story writing skills after learning to write short stories through the media of caricature images of the Jawa Pos newspaper. ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan keterampilan menulis cerpen setelah dilakukan tindakan pembelajaran menulis puisi melalui media gambar karikatur koran Jawa Pos. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri atas tiga siklus, yakni siklus I, siklus II, dan siklus III. Masing-masing siklus terdiri atas 4 tahap yaitu: perencanaan, implementasi tindakan, observasi dan interpretasi, serta refleksi. Sumber datanya adalah siswa kelas IX-A MTs Negeri 5 Jombang tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023. Teknik yang diterapkan yaitu: siswa mengidentifikasi unsur-unsur cerpen, siswa mengamati gambar karikatur Jawa Pos, siswa menulis cerita pendek berdasarkan gambar karikatur Jawa Pos tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan perilaku siswa yang positif. Setelah dilakukan tindakan siswa menjadi lebih aktif, gembira, bertanggung jawab, serta merasa lebih mudah menulis cerpen. Peningkatan persentase kemampuan menulis cerpen siswa yang terjadi sebagai berikut: siklus I sebesar 64,37 %, siklus II sebesar 79,36 %, dan siklus III sebesar 85,89 %. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa telah terjadi perubahan perilaku belajar ke arah yang positif yang diikuti dengan peningkatan keterampilan menulis cerpen setelah diterapkan pembelajaran menulis cerpen melalui media gambar karikatur koran Jawa Pos.
Ants belong to the dominant group of insects on earth both ecologically and in number. Ants have various species with various roles including predators, decomposers and seed dispersers, bioindicators and as pests on various plants. The fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) is one of the ants associated with the dragon fruit plant (Hylocereus sp.) as a pest. Fire ants have unique habits and behaviors. This study aims to determine the behavior of fire ants associated with dragon fruit plants. Data analysis in this study used descriptive analysis by identifying and describing the behavior patterns of fire ants on dragon fruit plants. Fire ants (S. invicta) have three behaviors in dragon fruit plants (Hylocereus sp.) are feeding behavior, moving behavior, and communication behavior. The activity of fire ants most occurs in the stem part of the dragon fruit plant in the morning time with an air temperature range of 20-27ºC.
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