Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent oral malignant tumor worldwide. An early diagnosis can have a major positive impact on its prognosis. Human saliva contains cytokines, DNA and RNA molecules, circulating cells, and derivatives of tissues and extracellular vesicles, among other factors that can serve as biomarkers. Hence, the analysis of saliva may provide useful information for the early diagnosis of OSCC for its prognosis. The objective of this review was to determine the potential usefulness of salivary biomarkers (cytokines and microRNA) to diagnose OSCC and improve its prognosis. A combination of salivary miRNA and proteomic data could allow a definitive and early diagnosis to be obtained. However, there remains a need to optimize and standardize the protocols used to quantify miRNAs.

These findings suggest that pregabalin may be useful to control acute postoperative pain. Adverse effects are known to be reduced at the low pregabalin dose used in our study.

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Periodontal disease encompasses gingivitis and periodontitis and is one of the most common chronic infections in the adult population. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of Spanish propolis extract (EEP) on the effect of the clinical and microbiological parameters as an adjuvant to scaling and root planning in patients undergoing supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). Forty chronic periodontitis patients were randomly assigned into two groups for the treatment. In the control group (n = 20), the sites were treated by scaling and root planing followed by gingival irrigation with physiological saline and in the test group (n = 20), the sites were treated by scaling and root planing followed by subgingival placement of EEP. At baseline (BL), bleeding on probing positive (BOP+) sites with probing pocket (PPD) ≥ 4 mm were defined as study sites. Plaque index, PPD, BOP, clinical attachment level (CAL), and subgingival plaque were evaluated at BL and 1 month later. The results showed a significant clinical improvement (p < 0.05) in the PPD, CAL and BOP+ comparing them with BL and one month after the periodontal treatment and a significant reduction (p < 0.05) for Tannerella forsythensis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Treponema denticola in both groups. In addition, the improvement of clinical parameters was observed with subgingival use of EEP and also statistically significant differences between groups were observed (p < 0.05) such as reductions of BOP+ % and reduced counts of T. forsythensis and P. gingivalis, considered as the “key pathogens” for the periodontal diseases. Our results suggest prophylactic and therapeutic potential for EEP against periodontal diseases, improving clinical parameters, reducing gingival bleeding and decreasing bacterial counts of T. forsythensis and P. gingivalis. The subgingival use of EEP represents a promising modality as an adjuvant in periodontal therapy to avoid microbial resistance and other adverse effects.

Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive is proposed to promote soft tissue healing in oral surgery and minimize complications (pain, inflammation, and bleeding) associated with wound healing by secondary intention. The objective was to compare cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (test group) with suture (control group) in terms of postoperative complications, operative time, and wound healing in the palatal donor area after harvesting a de-epithelialized gingival graft. A randomized controlled clinical trial was performed in 24 patients randomly assigned to one of two study groups. Data were gathered on wound bleeding, operative time, postoperative pain, inflammation, hyperesthesia, necrosis, and donor area healing time. Operative time was almost 50% shorter in the tissue adhesive cyanoacrylate group, a significant between-group difference (p = 0.003). Spontaneous bleeding in the donor area during the first 24 h was observed in 11.1% of the tissue adhesive cyanoacrylate group versus 88.9% of the suture group—a significant difference. No significant between-group difference was observed in postoperative pain, inflammation, or degree of healing over time. There were no cases of hyperesthesia or wound necrosis. Utilization of tissue adhesive cyanoacrylate rather than suture in palatal de-epithelialized gingival graft harvesting reduces postoperative bleeding during the first 24 h, as well as the operative time.