A Radioterapia é uma modalidade de tratamento local-regional, objetivando a cura, remissão, profilaxia ou paliação, sendo indicada de forma exclusiva ou associada (neoadjuvante, concomitante ou adjuvante) a tratamentos como quimioterapia e cirurgia. Uma das complicações decorrentes da radiação ionizante são as lesões de pele denominadas de radiodermatite que podem ser reações agudas ou tardias. Isto afeta a qualidade de vida do indivíduo com alteração da imagem corporal, auto-imagem, auto-estima, levando ao isolamento social. O papel do enfermeiro é importante na ação de prevenção e principalmente na intervenção sobre essas reações. Os objetivos deste estudo foram levantar o estado da arte, identificar os produtos e curativos empregados, e contribuir com as intervenções de enfermagem baseadas em evidências no tratamento da radiodermatite. Realizou-se uma revisão de literatura sistematizada sem metanálise, utilizando-se as bases de dados Lilacs, Medline, Pubmed e Cinahl no período de 1993 a 2004. Os resultados identificados não demonstraram a freqüência de uso de um produto que pudesse ser recomendado na prática assistencial. A maioria dos produtos identificados não estão disponíveis no Brasil. Observouse que as principais publicações foram em revistas de enfermagem onde o enfermeiro coordenou ou era consultor da pesquisa. Esse estudo demonstrou uma lacuna no conhecimento e a necessidade de pesquisa clínica controlada sob investigação do enfermeiro como base fundamental no tratamento da radiodermatite.
Menezes MFB, Camargo TC, Guedes MTS, Alcântara LFFL. Cancer, poverty and human development: challenges for nursing care in oncology. Rev Latino-am Enfermagem 2007 setembro-outubro; 15(número especial):780-5.
This is a reflection on poverty, human development and their interfaces with
Objectives: To raise Nursing diagnoses (ED) in patients with oral cavity cancer (CCO) and to analyze age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, domicile (urban or rural), schooling, disease topography. Method: Retrospective and analytical study of 36 CCO patients, attended at the Nursing Outpatient Unit of the Head and Neck Surgery Section, from July to December 2008. Results: Main DE identified were impaired swallowing, pain, impaired verbal communication related to the tumor; dysfunctional family process by alcohol and tobacco, tension of the role of caregiver, risk of low self-esteem among others. Conclusions: It was observed that nursing care is determinant for maintaining the quality of life of these individuals. Accurate recording of patient and caregiver can minimize suffering. Another important factor is the monitoring of cancer symptoms and their deleterious effects on the patients' bodies. The nurse professional is essential in the evaluation of patients
Introduction: Albino people (PA) are more likely to become sunburned, to develop skin lesions and skin cancer then people without this condition. From the Right-to-Health perspective, this study will try to identify PA who has exceeded the skin cancer risk limits. Aims: To identify PA with skin neoplasms; to describe their main characteristics; to find out about their therapeutic route; and to discuss healthcare from the PA's perspective. Method: It is a descriptive study that has been developed in two complementary stages: (i) a sectional study of the PA population who are receiving treatment at the dermatology ambulatory center of the study setting; (ii) this second stage has been carried out using a qualitative approach. The sources of data include medical reports and interviews with the PA participants. The quantitative data will be analyzed through the use of simple statistics. The semi-structured interviews will be transcribed and analyzed using the Content Analysis method. This study has been approved under protocol EEAN/HESFA/UFRJ, no 371.467.
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