Abstract. The effect of rotaviruses and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli administered in various sequences to cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived calves was studied using light and electron microscopy. The structure of the lymphoid tissue in the ileum, the number of mitoses in the crypts, number of intraepithelial lymphocytes, and enzyme histochemistry (alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase. succinic dehydrogenase, /3-galactosidase, and leucinaminopeptidase) of the ileal dome epithelium were evaluated. The area of lymphoid follicles in Peyer's patches of the ileum was investigated morphometrically. Monoinfections with either rotavirus or enterotoxigenic E. coli induced a significant increase in lymphoid follicle area, but did not affect dome epithelial cells. Dual infections did not consistently affect the follicle area, but the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes and the mitotic indices exceeded those of comparable monoinfections. Changes in activity of enzymes in the ileal dome epithelial area were minor.
Over a period of 4 years approximately 60% of the new born and juvenile animals in a breeding colony of tamarins (Saguinus fuscicollis) died a sudden death. Histological examination at necropsy revealed interstitial hepatitis in 22 of the 30 young animals of the present study. The hepatocytes contained intranuclear inclusion bodies in 12 of the 22 cases. Upon ultrastructural examination, tubulovesicular structures and amorphous material were found in the nuclei. The endoplasmic reticulum had proliferated and was closely associated with undulating curved membranes. These morphological alterations resemble those reported in chimpanzees experimentally infected with NANB hepatitis viruses.
Zusammenfassung
Untersucht wurden enterale Enzyme bei dreiunddreißig Hunden, die in drei Fütterungsgruppen aufgeteilt waren. Gruppe 1 erhielt Kasein als Proteinquelle, Gruppe 2 Single Cell Protein (SCP). Diese Gruppen bestanden aus Dalmatinern und Beagles. Gruppe 3, die sich aus unterschiedlichen Rassen zusammensetzte, wurde konventionell ernährt.
Überprüft wurden folgende Enzyme: Alkalische (AP) und saure Phosphatase (SP), Leucinaminopeptidase (LAP), nicht spezifische Esterase (NSE) und Succinatdehydrogenase (SDH).
Die auffallendsten Unterschiede fanden sich zwischen den Gruppen 1 und 2 und der Gruppe 3. Die AP lag bei letzterer im gesamten Jejunum signifikant niedriger, im Colon jedoch höher. Die NSE war bei der Kasein‐ und SCP‐Gruppe im mittleren Jejunum an der Zottenbasis signifikant intensiver, bei der ersteren aber im distalen Jejunum signifikant weniger aktiv als bei den konventionell gehaltenen Hunden. SDH und SP wichen geringfügig ab.
Zwischen den mit Kasein und SCP gefütterten Hunden traten keine, zwischen den zwei Rassen innerhalb dieser Gruppen geringe Unterschiede auf.
Summary
Enzyme histochemical investigations of the intestinal epithelium in dogs on diets containing casein or single cell protein compared to conventionally reared animals
The study was made in 33 dogs, divided into three groups; Group 1 (G 1) with casein as the main protein source, group 2 (G2) with single cell protein (SCP). These two experimental groups consisted of Dalmatian and Beagle dogs. Group 3 (G3), belonged to several breeds and received the usual dog food used in private households.
Alkaline (AP) and acid phosphatase (SP), leucinaminopeptidase (LAP), non‐specific esterase (NSE) und succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) were estimated.
A striking difference was seen between the conventionally kept dogs and the other two groups. The latter showed significantly higher activity of AP in the jejunum, while in the colon it was diminished. In the middle jejunum also NSE was more intensive in dogs fed with casein or SCP, while in the lower jejunum it was less active than in group 3.
Between the two groups fed with casein and SCP there were no differences and between the two different breeds in groups 1 and 2 there was little difference.
Résumé
Recherches histochimiques enzymatiques sur l'épithélium intestinal de chiens après un régime de caséine ou Single Cell Protein et une alimentation conventionnelle
Les enzymes entérales ont été examinées chez 33 chiens, répartis dans 3 groupes d'alimentation. Le groupe 1 a reçu de la caséine comme source de protéines, le groupe 2 Single Cell Protein (SCP). Ces groupes étaient composés de dalmatiens et de beagles. Le groupe 3, formé d'animaux de races différentes, a été nourrie conventionnellement.
Les enzymes suivantes ont été testées: phosphatase alcaline (AP) et acide (SP), leucinaminopeptidase (LAP), estérase non spécifique (NSE) et succinate‐déhydrogénase (SDH).
Les différences les plus marquées se trouvèrent entre les groupes 1, 2 et le groupe 3. AP fut significativement plus basse dans tout le J...
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