Problem use of video games is an increasing risk behaviour. High exposure of adolescents to video games has been linked to a variety of disorders, but the relationship between problem video game playing and emotional welfare is unknown. The aim of the study is to analyse problem video game playing in a sample of adolescents and to determine whether there are differences between online and offline players, in addition to examining its relationship with anxiety and depressive symptomatology. A sample of adolescents (N = 380) completed self-reports measuring video game use and symptoms of anxiety and depression. We found that 7.4% of females and 30% of males can be considered as playing at problem levels. Online players were almost 12 times more likely to play at high frequency than offline players (χ2 (1, 267) = 72.72, p < .001, OR = 11.63, 95% CI [6.31, 21.43]). Males play more frequently, and play more online (χ2 (1, 267) = 50.85, p < .001, OR = 6.74, 95% CI [3.90, 11.64]), with a clear relationship between problem video game playing and anxiety (r = .24; p < .001). In females, there is a relationship between problem video game playing and depression (r = .19; p < .05). Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the psychological variables involved in problem video game playing. The implementation of strategies is suggested in order to prevent pathological gaming and associated problems.
Introducción. La autoeficacia es objeto de estudio en el ámbito psicológico, aunque hasta ahora no se dispone de instrumentos de evaluación validados con adolescentes. El objetivo del estudio es analizar la consistencia interna, validez y estructura factorial de la Escala de Autoeficacia General en población adolescente española, habiendo mostrado adecuadas propiedades con universitarios.Método. Participaron 626 adolescentes españoles entre 14 y 18 años. Se empleó la Escala de Autoeficacia General, el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto II-Versión Abreviada y el Inventario de Depresión de Beck. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y bivariados y se analizó la estructura factorial.Resultados. Se obtuvo una estructura factorial unidimensional, que explica un 51.88% de la varianza, y alfa de Cronbach de .89. Se analizó la estabilidad temporal y validez.Discusión y conclusión. La Escala de Autoeficacia General es un instrumento válido y útil para evaluar la autoeficacia en adolescentes españoles.
mFTQ can be a clinically practical international measure of nicotine dependence. This study provides initial support for the utility of the mFTQ among Thai, Spanish, American, and Russian adolescents. Further research is needed to test and advance mFTQ across cultures. (Am J Addict 2017;26:689-696).
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