Workplace violence is present in many work sectors, but in the area of mental health, nurses have a higher risk due to the close relationship they have with users. This study analyzed hostile user statements against nursing professionals of Mental Health Services and Emergency Units in Health Service (MHS) hospitals in Murcia, Spain, and determined the frequency of exposure to the different violent user behaviors. The study was carried out with a sample of 518 nursing professionals from four hospital services: Mental Health, Emergency Units, Medical Hospitalization, and Maternal-and-Child. The nursing staff of Mental Health and Emergency Units was the most exposed to violence. Non-physical violence was more frequent in Emergency Units, whereas physical violence was more frequent in Mental Health. Among the consequences of exposure to non-physical violence are workers' emotional exhaustion and the presence of psychological distress.

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BackgroundInformed consent is a key element of ethical clinical research. Addicted population may be at risk for impaired consent capacity. However, very little research has focused on their comprehension of consent forms. The aim of this study is to assess the capacity of addicted individuals to provide consent to research.Methods53 subjects with DSM-5 diagnoses of a Substance Use Disorder (SUD) and 50 non psychiatric comparison subjects (NPCs) participated in the survey from December 2014 to March 2015. This cross-sectional study was carried out at a community-based Outpatient Treatment Center and at an urban-located Health Centre in Spain. A binary judgment of capacity/incapacity was made guided by the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Clinical Research (MacCAT–CR) and a clinical interview. Demographics and clinical characteristics were assessed by cases notes and the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Global Assessment Functional Scale and the Clinical Global Impression Scale.ResultsNPCs performed the best on the MacCAT–CR, and patients with SUD had the worst performance, particularly on the Understanding and Appreciation subscales. 32.7 % SUD people lacked research-related decisional capacity. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of capacity to consent to research.ConclusionsThe findings of our study provide evidence that a large proportion of individuals with SUD had decisional capacity for consent to research. It is therefore inappropriate to draw conclusions about capacity to make research decisions on the basis of a SUD diagnosis. In the absence of advanced cognitive impairment, acute withdrawal or intoxication, we should assume that addicted persons possess decision-making capacity. Thus, the view that people with SUD would ipso facto lose decision-making power for research consent is flawed and stigmatizing.

Background/Objetive According to the World Health Organization, one out of every four violent workplace acts takes place in the health setting. The aims of the study are to adapt the Healthcare-workers’ Aggressive Behavior Scale-Users (HABS-U) to mental health professionals, to establish the frequency of exposure to hostile indicators and to determine which professional group is most exposed. Method Study through qualitative and quantitative methodology in MH professionals of the Region of Murcia (Spain). In the qualitative phase, 12 in-depth interviews were conducted, and during the quantitative phase, the instrument was applied to 359 professionals of Mental Health Services (MHS). Results Non-medical and nursing staff were found to be the professional group most exposed, as well as Brief Psychiatric Inpatient and Medium-Stay Inpatient Services. Conclusion The resulting scale shows excellent psychometric properties. The distribution of user violence is not homogeneous among the different professional groups of MHS. The adaptation of the scale may be useful to detect user violence, as well as to evaluate the efficacy of intervention programs.

Vitamin and fatty acid deficiency in children diagnosed with autism has been linked to the etiology and course of the disease but the results have been inconsistent. In our work, we present a narrative review, which includes 20 observational studies that provide data on the blood levels of vitamin D, folate, or fatty acids of children diagnosed with ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder—AG group), and of a control group (children without this disorder—CG group). The main characteristics and results are presented in a summary table. Of the 20 above-mentioned studies, a meta-analysis of vitamin D and folate levels was carried out in 14 of them, with a total of 2269 children (AG = 1159, CG = 1110). Vitamin D levels were lower in AG compared to CG: SMD, 95% CI = − 0.83 [− 1.15, − 0.50]. In terms of folate levels, a total of 299 children (AG = 148, CG = 151) were analyzed, finding no significant differences with the control group: SMD, 95% CI = − 0.16 [− 0.63, 0.32]. Only one study that provided data on fatty acids in children with ASD was included in the review although it was not possible to include it in the meta-analysis. We conclude that the nutritional status (vitamin and fatty acid levels) of patients diagnosed with ASD should be taken into account, as correct adjustment of these levels—may produce an improvement in the course of the disease and could also reduce the risk of its development.

Varios estudios han indicado la existencia de actitudes transfóbicas en el sistema educativo. Esto se extiende a la comunidad universitaria, lo que tiene consecuencias psicosociales negativas en las personas trans. Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la actitud de los estudiantes universitarios hacia las personas trans. Se utilizó un diseño correlacional transversal con una muestra de 1701 estudiantes universitarios con edades entre 18 y 68 años. Los resultados muestran la presencia de actitudes negativas hacia las personas trans en la comunidad universitaria. También muestra la existencia de una relación entre estas actitudes y otras variables, como la empatía, la autoestima y los estilos parentales. Nuestros resultados indican que las actitudes negativas de los estudiantes universitarios hacia las personas trans podrían estar relacionadas con variables psicológicas y sociales como la empatía, la autoestima y los estilos parentales, lo que apunta a una probable relación entre los estilos parentales y la empatía en los hijos. Dentro de las implicaciones para la práctica se sugiere la importancia de fomentar actitudes inclusivas y de aceptación de la diversidad en la formación escolar y universitaria, con programas centrados en el desarrollo de empatía y autoestima.

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The teaching of current technical disciplines poses a substantive change since the student moves from an activity focused on the acquisition of information to an acquisition of skills of various kinds. This learning requires that teaching objectives be set in terms of ability, in professional and existential situations, which are likely to manifest in real life. The project presented aims to develop coordination between three subjects in order to develop an educational experience through the execution of a real case. In the case presented, students will be able to immerse themselves in the complete process of providing intelligence to buildings through the use of low-cost and accessible micro-technologies for capturing information and transmitting data, using cloud databases and data exchange. With this project, it is proposed to implement new teaching methodologies that promote learning based on the acquisition of skills and cooperative work among students.