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This study looks at the online behavior of a hundred business management students and attempts to determine the respondents' awareness of the risks associated with the use of mobile technologies. Three questions were formulated for this study. First, when the respondents use mobile technologies, with whom do they communicate and for what purpose? The results showed that the respondents were comfortable with mobile computing and that mobile technologies were easily accessible to them. Mobile applications allowed them to complete tasks, to coordinate curricular and extra-curricular activities, and to communicate with teachers, both on a personal and a professional level. Second, what information do the respondents send or receive? Seventy-five or more of the respondents sent files and website links by email and by instant messaging. Third, are the respondents aware of the risks associated with the use of mobile technologies? Over half of the respondents were aware that using chat/IM or email without adequate safeguards could expose the school network to viruses, spyware or malware. Surprisingly, the respondents showed a lack of awareness of the potential risks that open, unsecured Bluetooth cellphone connections pose to the university's data and files. Some general recommendations are offered to help protect the institution's networks and IT infrastructure.
Air pollution due to the greenhouse emissions of pollutants by vehicles, is an issue whose gravity is increasing, and it gains more significance for big cities such as Madrid. Controlling the composition of vehicle fuel can reduce pollutant emissions from combustion and it can also improve the performance of the vehicle engine. The intentional addition of offspecification fuel or contaminants can occur during the distribution of fuels and it is difficult to detect, unless the fuel is analyzed at every stage or the fuel quality is carefully monitored. Establishing a fuel effective compliance program regarding specifications is important to ensure that fuels sold at gas stations meet all the requirements, and at the same time it is challenging because fuel is manipulated by many different agents along the distribution chain. It may also result costly, as the equipments used to measure the fuel composition are based on laboratory chromatographs and spectrometers. These techniques need of highly qualified staff, and large amount of samples, time and laboratory reagents consumption. Consequently, it becomes necessary the use of simple, fast, and accurate techniques to carry out this quality control process. Although optical methods (non destructive) such as Infrared and RAMAN Spectroscopy have been widely applied and studied, they still pose drawbacks such as the lack of in-field applicability and the high cost of the equipment currently employed for it.
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