The purpose of the article is to analyze the results of current theoretical and empirical studies of the socio-institutional environment of Russian and Chinese direct investments in Kazakhstan. One of the features of foreign direct investment is the fact that foreign investor companies are always forced to adapt as effectively as possible to the socio-institutional environment of the country where they invest funds. Foreign direct investment is an important factor in the modernization of production and economic development, can contribute to the growth of employment and income of the population. In fact, they show how much foreign investors trust the economy of a particular country, and for Kazakhstan it is also an important indicator of the role of Russia and China in its modern economic development. The results of modern investment research allow us to conclude that there is increasing competition between Russia and China in the promotion and implementation of investment projects in Central Asia and Kazakhstan. However, the success of these projects depends not only on the effectiveness of the efforts of governments and corporations aimed at promoting them in the region as a whole, but also on how these investments are perceived by the Kazakh society. The article analyzes the different points of view of modern Kazakh, Russian, Chinese and Western researchers analyzing the specifics of the relationship between society and business with the state in the globalizing economy of Kazakhstan, economic and historical factors, socio-institutional aspects of reducing compliance risks and features of labor organization that determine the stability and sustainability of economic development
The purpose of the article is to analyze the results of actual theoretical and empirical studies of the process of accumulation of human capital in rural regions of China at the present stage of economic development. The PRC is still a country with a large proportion of the population living and working in rural regions. That is why the sustainability of the development of these regions and the country’s economy as a whole is largely determined by the peculiarities of the development of the labor resources of Chinese villages. The process of accumulation of human capital in rural regions plays an important role in China’s economic and social policy, as well as in solving the problem of ‘sannun’. The process of accumulation of human capital is influenced by three groups of interrelated factors: urbanization with Chinese characteristics, the level and quality of life, infrastructure and socio-institutional environment. The results of a comprehensive analysis of the influence of these groups of factors led to the conclusion that an elementary increase in public investment in the agricultural sector and rural regions of the PRC against the background of the development of free market relations, urbanization and income differentiation is not enough to ensure conditions for sustainable economic development and solving this problem. The role of human capital in the development of rural regions of China will increase only with the provision of opportunities to create an effective infrastructure and a favorable socio-institutional environment for its accumulation
The article reviews Russian and foreign studies on the market for bakery products, taking into account the specifics of demand, buyer types and advertising directions. The decline in demand for bread is a global trend in general. New trends in the bakery industry orienting towards modern requirements are also emerging. Advertisements should contain information about bakery products to reveal properties of interest to consumers. Advertising on the Internet provides the necessary information and has prospects for bakery products. Statistical key figures of the bread market in Kazakhstan show a slight decrease in production and sales volumes. Advertising in the market decline should not only be supportive, but also help to find new directions for sales. The analysis of advertising of the largest bakeries in Kazakhstan shows the priority of traditional means of advertisement dissemination. SWOT-analysis applied by the authors allows revealing problems and possibilities to offer new directions of advertising actions.
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