A method for the analysis of chromium in wool fabric samples was developed. It is fast and cheap with no sample preparation. This method involved the use of double pulse Laser Induced Breakdown Spectrometry (LIBS) for the wool fabric samples dyed by two types of metal complex dyes (C.I. Acid Orange 173 and C.I. Acid Black 60). A commercially available LIBS spectrometer was calibrated with the aid of authentic wool fabric samples previously analysed by F-AAS after microwave digestion. Comparable results can be obtained using this unique procedure if the same set of standards is used for XRF and LIBS calibration. Limits of detection for chromium achieved by suggested LIBS methods (from 5 to 10 mg kg À1 ) are comparable with the WD XRF ones (from 4 to 5 mg kg À1 ).
Double-pulse LIBS and ED XRF usabilities for quantitative analysis of Ti in samples of cotton, wool, and viscose fabrics were compared to each other. The analyzed samples were prepared by stippling a particular fabric with TiO 2 nanoparticle sol (particle size 100 nm). Both spectrometers were calibrated with the aid of the same sets of authentic fabric samples previously analyzed by ICP OES after the microwave digestion. Average values of the Ti concentration calculated from five repeated measurements of the same sample obtained by LIBS and ED XRF were comparable for all types of the tested materials (100⋅(C Ti-LIBS /C Ti-ED XRF )) 96-109%), but the precision of analysis expressed as RSD (relative standard deviation) was usually better for ED XRF (RSD LIBS from 9 to 25%, RSD ED XRF from 3 to 17%). Poor RSD values of LIBS measurements were observed mainly in the case of samples with lower areal weights. Limits of detection calculated as a triple standard deviation of five repeated measurements of Ti in a sample with the low concentration of the analyte were comparable for both methods (LOD LIBS = from 15 to 97, and LOD ED XRF = from 21 to 64, all in mg/kg).Introduction. Titanium compounds constitute an important part of a wide range of textile materials, where their chemical stability, high index of refraction, and photoactivity are employed. The textile industry commonly utilizes an anatase form of TiO 2 as a delustering agent. For this purpose, TiO 2 particles with a diameter around 0.5 μm are usually deposited on a textile surface in the concentration of 0.5 w/w % [1]. Due to the rapid development of nanotechnology, unprecedented applications of TiO 2 coated textiles are appearing. The well-known ability of TiO 2 nanoparticles to catalyze UV-assisted photoreactions was exploited, e.g., to disinfect and decontaminate drinking water [2], clean wastewaters [3,4], or remove toxins from air [5]. Photoactive TiO 2 -modified textile fibres can be used for the production of waste water cleaning filters [6] and self-cleaning or antibacterial textiles [7].A fast and cheap nondestructive or semi-nondestructive method of elemental analysis with minimal requirements on the sample preparation step is supposed to be beneficial in TiO 2 -modified textile characterization or in quality control in fabric production. Analytical techniques based on the direct interaction of an X-ray or laser beam with a sample surface seem to be able to solve such a task.X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was used for analysis of trace elements in a textile by Heinze et al. back in 1960 [8]. Nowadays, this method is well established in archaeometric [9, 10] and forensic textile analyses [11,12], where the identification of particular elements and preliminary discrimination of samples are more common than accurate concentration measurements. Quantitative analysis of iron trapped on different types of soiled clots using WD XRF was described by van Dalen [13]. McComb and Gesser used WD XRF to analyze trace metals in water after the preconcentration of ...
Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a serious method for the chemical analysis of solids. Utilizing the LIBS method we can estimate more than 60 chemical elements.This study presents the measuring accuracy technique in analysis of real textile structure. Concentrations of carbon and titanium in textile fibres were observed at polyester fibres in woven structure. The influence of textile structure and quantity of pulses is observed and discussed.
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