Attitudes towards mental illness were measured in all 92 students of the seventh semester in the School of Nursing of Athens University before (time 1) and after (time 2) the completion of 40 and 90 hours of lectures on clinical psychiatry and clerkship, respectively. The instrument used to measure attitudinal dimensions was the Cohen and Struening's Opinions about Mental Illness (OMI) scale, which yieldsfive factors and was proven to be reliable and valid in previous studies. Hypothetical case vignettes were used to assess psychiatric case recognition. In factors A, B, and D statistically significant differences in attitudes towards mental illness between time I and 2 were observed. It seems that the completion of training in psychiatry influenced the students' opinions about mental illness; they expressed less authoritarianism and discriminatory beliefs as well as positive views about social integration of mentally ill persons. The group of students who failed to recognize the case vignettes satisfactorily also expressed negative views in four out of five OMI scale factors.
The purpose of the study was to investigate: a) how mental health nursing interventions were provided to general hospital patients, who during their hospitalization presented psychological/pyschiatric problems and b) how the patients actually evaluate the effectiveness of the care given to them. We interviewed 95 medical-surgical patients, who were referred to the psychiatric consultation-liaison service of a general hospital. During the interview, a nursing evaluation of the patients' psychological problems took place, followed by appropriate mental health nursing interventions which were taken from the NOSIE scale and the standards of the Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Practice. Anxiety was the most common problem 41.1% in the referrals. The comparison of the mean value of the patients' problems before and those after the mental health nursing interventions, showed statistically significant reduction of the problems. Also, the comparison of the mean value in the fourth assessment of the patients' problems with the mean value of the patients' opinion, showed an achievement in facilitating the verbal expression and comforting the physical and psychological symptoms to a point statistically significant.
RESUMEN -Objetivo: a) Investigar el tipo de restricción utilizada con el fin de eliminar el comportamiento violento de pacientes psiquiátricos,b) Explorar las actitudes del personal de enfermería frente al aislamiento y la contención y c) Determinar si hay alguna diferencia en las capacidades del personal de enfermería debido a su nivel educativo y a los años de experiencia.
M é t o d o:La muestra estaba formada por 190 enfermeros/as de doce unidades psiquiátricas correspondientes a cinco hospitales diferentes en donde se distribuyó un cuestionario a u t o -a d m i n i s t rado y se realizó un análisis estadístico descri p t ivo junto con la ap l i c a c i ó n del test chi cuadrado.R e s u l t a d o s : Las re s t ricciones realizadas con mayor frecuencia incluían las contenciones corp o rales (42,6%), el aislamiento en la propia habitación (26%), y ambas (31,1%). El aislamiento o la contención se utilizan en la mayoría de los casos para la seguridad del paciente (70,5%),el control de su comportamiento (23,2%), y para comodidad del personal (0,5%). El ochenta por ciento de los enfermeros/as está a favor de la contención mientras que un 16,8% está en contra. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente sign i fi c at ivas en las actitudes de los enfe rm e ros/as motivadas por su nivel de fo rmación y experiencia laboral.
This article presents the results of a research study on 547 mental patients testing a form of nursing assessment of mental patients in psychiatric and in general hospitals, as a means to assess their nursing needs and as a basis for planning, implementation and evaluation of their personalized holistic nursing care. The study showed that more depressive than schizophrenic patients went to the general hospital for help. The reverse was observed in the psychiatric hospital. The psychological nursing needs of the patients were significantly correlated with their somatic nursing needs. The psychological as well as the somatic nursing needs of the patients were significantly correlated with sex, age, somatic health state and mental health state in general, and not with their concrete psychiatric diagnosis. It is concluded that the psychiatric nursing assessment should be oriented towards the investigation of the patient’s psychosomatic nursing needs rather than be based on his medical diagnosis.
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