• Washer disinfectors are becoming more commonly used in general dental practice.• This work was designed to see if washer disinfectors could cope with the diffi cult challenge of cleaning small instruments with a complex surface structure.• Although the files treated in the washer disinfector were generally clean, they were not totally free of organic debris.• This work reinforces the view that endodontic files should be single-use only. I N B R I E F RESEARCHAims The aim of this study was to compare the cleanliness of endodontic files that had been cleaned in a washer dis infector according to the file holding mechanism within the machine. Methodology Selected canals of extracted teeth were filed with new, unused files. One set of files (size 15 to 40) was used for each canal. A total of 192 files were used for cleaning and shaping. The files were divided into three groups. The first group was a control group containing 30 fi les, which were not cleaned in the washer disinfector. The second and the third groups were the experimental groups with 81 files in each group. These files were cleaned in the washer disinfector using different holding mechanisms (fi le holder or cleaning basket) for each group. The files were examined for visible debris under a light microscope at x45 magnifi ca tion. Results None of the 162 cleaned files were totally free of organic debris. Comparison of the debris scores in the two experimental groups showed that the files in the cleaning basket group were significantly cleaner than those in the fi le holder group. The files in both test groups were significantly cleaner than those in the control group. Conclusions En dodontic files cannot be totally cleaned using a washer disinfector alone. The instrument holding mechanism within the machine has a significant effect on the cleanliness of the files after one intensive cleaning cycle.
ABSTRACT:A 59-year-old man presented with the acute onset of paresthesias and pain in the left neck, face, and forehead. On subsequent investigation he was found to have a subadventitial type of carotid artery dissection, producing an ipsilateral Horner's syndrome with normal carotid angiography. MRI imaging of the neck structures, using fat saturation technique, showed the subadventitial dissection, sparing the vessel lumen. MRI offers a non-invasive method of diagnosis and follow-up for carotid artery dissection. RESUME: Syndrome de Horner secondaire a une dissection sous-adventitielle de la corotide, non visualisee a I'angiographie. Un homme de 59 ans an consulte pour des paresthesies et une douleur a debut subit du cote gauche du cou, de la face et du front. L'investigation a montre une dissection de type sous-adventitielle de la carotide causant un syndrome de Horner ipsilateral avec une carotide normale a ['angiographic. L'imagerie par MRI des structures du cou, par la technique de saturation des graisses, a montre une dissection sous-adventitielle epargnant la lumiere de l'artere. Le MRI est une methode non-invasive de diagnostic et de suivi de la dissection de la carotide.
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