BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The differentiation of pilocytic astrocytomas and high-grade astrocytomas is sometimes difficult. There are limited comparisons in the literature of the advanced MR imaging findings of pilocytic astrocytomas versus high-grade astrocytomas. The purpose of this study was to assess the MR imaging, PWI, DWI, and MR spectroscopy characteristics of pilocytic astrocytomas compared with high-grade astrocytomas.
Medulloblastoma has variable appearances on MRI in both children and adults. Adults are more likely to have heterogeneous cerebellar hemisphere tumours, and this is thought to be related to the greater prevalence of desmoplastic tumours in adulthood. Few studies have addressed the MRI features of adult medulloblastoma and the specific characteristics of desmoplastic and classic tumours have not been analysed. Our aim was to analyse the imaging characteristics of desmoplastic (DM) and classic (CM) medulloblastomas in adult. We retrospectively studied preoperative MRI of six men and three women, median age 33 years, range 23-53 years, with pathologically proved medulloblastomas. There were six (67%) with DM. The tumour was in the cerebellar hemisphere in eight patients (89%), including the three with CM, one of which was bilateral. All tumours were heterogeneous, giving predominantly low or isointense signal on T1- and isointense signal on T2-weighted images. Cystic or necrotic areas in all patients were particularly visible on T2-weighted images. Contrast enhancement was absent in one DM and varied from slight to intense in eight (three CM), homogeneous in one DM and patchy in seven. All tumours extended to the surface of the cerebellum and two had well-defined margins. MRI does not allow a clear distinction between DM and CM in adults.
We retrospectively reviewed 15 adult patients (11 males, median age 34 years; range 23-48) who had been treated and followed in our Institution since 1991 from the time of diagnosis until death or last follow-up in December 2001. Headache was the most frequent symptom (93%). The tumor was hemispheric in 11 patients. Complete resection was achieved in eight. CSF in 12 patients and craniospinal MRI in 6 did not show metastatic disease. Two patients refused adjuvant treatment and died with progressive disease. Thirteen patients received adjuvant craniospinal radiotherapy and 11 systemic chemotherapy. After initial treatment only 2 of the 13 patients relapsed in the posterior fossa. Recurrence was probably related to sub-optimal radiotherapy planning: inadequate low dose in the posterior fossa (37.5 Gy) and long delay in initiating treatment. Two of the 13 patients that received adjuvant treatment died: one from meningitis, and one from recurrent disease. Eleven patients remained alive, and disease-free with Karnofsky performance status ranging 80-100. The median overall survival was not reached after a median follow-up of 5.6 years (range 0.7-10.8 years). Estimated 1-, 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 86.7%, 72.7%, and 72.7%, respectively. Adult medulloblastoma was predominant in males and the majority of patients had hemispheric tumors. Long-term survival was not uncommon. Although chemotherapy may be useful and well tolerated, radiotherapy remains the mainstay adjuvant treatment as suggested by our two recurrences associated with a delay or inadequate dose.
1RESUMO -Entre os pacientes operados no Hospital São Paulo e acompanhados pelo setor de neuro-oncologia no período de 1991 a 2000, avaliamos a apresentação clínica, aspectos de imagem e características histopatológicas de 4 pacientes (2 homens; idade entre 15 e 52 anos) cujo diagnóstico histológico foi malformação vascular associada a glioma. O quadro inicial foi cefaléia progressiva com características de hipertensão intracraniana (em 3) e crises parciais motoras (em 1). O diagnóstico tomográfico inicial foi processo expansivo, sem que houvesse suspeita de malformação vascular pelo aspecto da imagem em nenhum caso. O exame histológico mostrou neoplasias de linhagem astrocítica associadas a malformações vasculares. Em nenhum paciente o componente vascular esteve localizado na intimidade da neoplasia. A associação de malformação vascular e gliomas é rara e deve ser caracterizada por nítida separação entre a malformação e a neoplasia, independente da vascularização própria do tumor. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: malformação arteriovenosa, glioma.Arteriovenous malformation-glioma association: study of four cases Arteriovenous malformation-glioma association: study of four cases Arteriovenous malformation-glioma association: study of four cases Arteriovenous malformation-glioma association: study of four cases Arteriovenous malformation-glioma association: study of four cases ABSTRACT -We reviewed the clinical presentation, imaging and histopathologic findings in 4 patients with the diagnosis of arteriovenous malformation associated with glioma that were operated on from 1991 to 2000 in our institution. Four patients (2 males; age between 15 and 52 years) presented with progressive headache with clinical evidence of intracranial hypertension (in 3) and partial seizures (in 1). CT scan showed a brain tumor without any detectable pathologic vessels. Histologic examination revealed astrocytic tumors associated with arteriovenous malformation. No patient presented the vascular component intermixed with the tumor. The arteriovenous-glioma association is rare and must be identified by a clear demarcation between the malformation and the tumor. A verdadeira associação de tumor primário do sistema nervoso central (SNC) com malformação vascular (MV) é rara e controversa. A diferenciação entre tumores hipervascularizados e MV com proliferação glial é necessária para se estabelecer este diagnóstico 1 . Relatamos quatro pacientes com diagnós-tico de MV associada com gliomas e fazemos breve revisão sobre o tema. CASOSCaso 1-Homem de 32 anos, que se apresentou com história de crises parciais motoras no membro inferior esquerdo há 1 mês, com eventual generalização subsequente, associada com perda de força muscular e hipoestesia à esquerda. A tomografia computadorizada (TC) de crâ-nio mostrou lesão expansiva com realce periférico irregular, circundada por edema, em situação subcortical parassagital direita (Fig 1a). O paciente foi submetido a ressecção completa da lesão e o exame anátomo-patológico (AP) evidenciou proliferação de vasos arteriais...
Plasmocitoma é uma neoplasia originária de células plasmocitárias que pode produzir complicações neurológicas. Apresentamos o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino que, aos 59 anos de idade, manifestou um quadro de compressão medular no nível T8. A investigação com ressonância magnética revelou a presença de massa tumoral epidural nos níveis T7 a T9. A investigação clínica e os achados do exame anatomopatológico da peça cirúrgica revelaram tratar-se de plasmocitoma solitário. Plasmocitoma deve ser incluído no diagnóstico diferencial das lesões que produzem compressão medular.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.