The article analyzes errors in two Old-Russian Apostolos manuscripts: Apostolus Christinopolitanus from the 12th century (an example of the commented type) and Tolstovskiy Apostolus from the 14th century (an example of the continuous type). The result of this research is new information about the reception of loan words, text reinterpretation, the influence of antigraphs and comments, and the personality of the Tolstovskiy scribe. The author corrects errors on both lexical and grammatical levels. Some of the lexical errors are provoked by deformations in the Greek text (homonym and paronym mixing). There are also various transformations of appellatives to onyms, and vice versa. All of this might occur in the antigraph as well as in the Tolstovskiy manuscript. Grammatical errors are fixed on the macro- and microlevels. There are cases of incorrect text segmentation within syntagms and between paragraphs in the Tolstovskiy manuscript which take place owing to the influence of the Praxapostolos and the commented type of Apostolos. Both manuscripts are also influenced by comments. This is reflected in grammatical and semantic alteration of the main text and, more rarely, in direct comments included in the main text, although the latter is not supposed for the continuous type to which the Tolstovskiy manuscript belongs. As for the chirographer of the Tolstovskiy manuscript, his background could not be characterized by a high level of literacy or by rich knowledge of the New Testament. He obviously did not have any Greek copies or more correct Slavonic copies at his disposal.
Abstract. The paper characterizes unknown fragments of patristic commentaries on the Acts of the Apostles contained in XIV-century Tolstovskii Apostolus (National Library of Russia, Q.n.I.5), which belongs to continuous text type and presents the Preslav translation of Acts and Epistles. There is a certain relationship between this manuscript and the commented text type of Old Slavonic Apostolus. The author considers contents, Byzantine sources, grammatical and lexical features of the commentaries' Slavonic translation. It is found out that the Greek parallels of the commentaries are contained in John Chrysostom's first homily on the Acts and in a patristic catena, which both have a long textological provenance. ИСТОЧНИКИ И ЯЗЫК ТОЛКОВАНИЙ НА ДЕЯНИЯ В ТОЛСТОВСКОМ АПОСТОЛЕ XIV ВЕКА 1 Мария Олеговна НовакКазанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет, г. Казань, РоссияАннотация. В статье описываются ранее не изучавшиеся фрагментарные толкования на книгу Деяний в составе Толстовского Апостола конца XIV в. (РНБ, Q.п.I.5) -памятника четьего типа, представляющего преслав-ский перевод Деяний и посланий и характеризующегося определенной зависимостью от толкового текста Апостола. Получены новые сведения о содержании, византийских источниках, грамматическом и лексическом облике славянского перевода. Выяснено, что греческие параллели к толкованиям находятся в первой гомилии Иоанна Златоуста и в святоотеческих катенах на книгу Деяний, имевших долгую текстологическую историю. На синтаксическом уровне допускается как сокращение, так и расширение исходного текста с изменением порядка слов и трансформацией синтаксических моделей. На уровне морфологии зафиксирована свободная передача ряда граммем оригинала, в соответствии с требованиями славянского узуса либо контекстуальных связей. На лексическом уровне заметно влияние преславской переводческой традиции и отражена история греческого текста с его вариантами. Зафиксированы случаи гиперонимизации либо создания описательного эквивалента. Выявленные характеристики демонстрируют свободу в передаче переводимого текста, прису-щую древнейшим славянским переводам Нового Завета -как кирилло-мефодиевскому, так и преславскому.Ключевые слова: Толстовский Апостол, Деяния, толкования, оригинал, перевод.
The paper focuses on the composition, syntactic and lexical parameters of the Old Slavonic translation of the Euthaliana chapter-list to the first Epistle to Corinthians, previously unexplored. The chapter-list composition does not coincide with the original in all Slavic sources representing different versions of the text since it represents omitting, combining, rearranging of titles. Various translation versions reveal some differences in comparison to the Greek text structure, as well as several trends indicating the implementation of the same translation strategies as in the basic Epistle text. The 14 th-century Chudov New Testament is characterized by loan translation of syntactic structures and lexical units; the 14 th-century Tolstovsky Apostolus of the Preslav translation presents syntactic and lexical supplements independent from the Greek text. The 12 th-century Apostolus Christinopolitanus, synthesizing the Cyril-and-Methodius and the Preslav translations, represents moderate transformations of the Greek original, and so does the Athonite copy of the 16 th century. The author finds out that various factors determine semantic deviations from the original: conjectures, the influence of context and intertext, incorrect interpretation of the Greek source or errors in the latter; less often lapsus calami occur. The author also investigates the links between the chapter-list and the basic text of the Epistle and demonstrates that the syntactic and lexical transformations of the Slavic versions often weaken these relations.
The article presents a classifying analysis of ancillary texts in Old East Slavonic hand-written copies of Parimejnik (Old Testament lectionary) from the 12 th – 14 th centuries. It aims to establish parameters for the analytical markup in Parimejnik subcorpus from the "Manuscript" historical corpus, to provide searching based on the fragments values, to demonstrate corresponding fragments in addition to the already existing aligned visualization of manuscripts based on temporal characteristics (dates, days of a week, and services), as well as paroemias and their components (headings and biblical verses). In the text-critical sense, the authors describe components of ancillary texts in various sections of the manuscripts (Nativity-Epiphany, Triodia, Synaxarion), their specificity, and mutual correlation. The variation of ancillary texts in different copies has been discovered, which complicates comparison and alignment in the parallel corpus. From the applied linguistics point of view, the authors propose a classification of the ancillary text components according to several criteria (function, method of execution, the presence of a biblical/hymnographic source, and the place in the sequence of rites). A system of their identifiers and fragmentation parameters into elementary components to establish links in a parallel corpus was also proposed. As a result, it will ensure the search and visualization of fragments of the same type in the corpus.
The article discusses the lexical and grammatical parameters of previously understudied commentary on the First Timothy, presented in the 14th-century Apostolos manuscript, containing the continuous text. In order to determine the commentary textological status in this manuscript, the author studied the linguistic material in two aspects: first, a search for similarities and differences with twenty other hand-written sources from the 12th-16th centuries was done; second, the degree of accuracy in following the Greek original was established. It proved the original position of the commentary in the Tolstovskii Apostolus: the main text of the epistle is similar to other sources, whereas, in the commentary, the lexical and grammatical variants of the Tolstoy manuscript are not supported at all. It may indicate the influence of the still unknown protograph containing the commentary. In terms of exactness of following the Greek primary source, the Tolstovskii Apostolus gives greater accuracy at the lexical level. At the grammatical level, inaccuracies can affect the transmission of Greek grammemes or syntactic constructions and can be due to the syntactic complexity of the Greek text. Also, certain errors and discrepancies not previously noted in the epistle and its commentary edition were commented on .
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