Biogas production through co-digestion of cattle waste and agricultural residues of tomato cultivation (Solanum lycopersicum L.
ResumenLas bacterias PGPB tienen efectos benéficos en el rendimiento de los cultivos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto de cinco bacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal sobre el rendimiento, altura de planta, unidades SPAD y contenido de proteína de pasto ovillo defoliado cada cinco semanas en primavera y verano, bajo condiciones de invernadero. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar, con arreglo factorial 5 x 2 x 2, siendo la unidad experimental una maceta con diez tallos, con cuatro repeticiones. Las bacterias evaluadas fueron: Ewingella americana (digestato), Ewingella americana (suelo), Pseudomonas clororaphis, Bacillus toyonensis y Microbacterium oxidans, comparados entre sí y con los controles positivo (triple 17) y negativo (suelo sin fertilización). Los valores altos de MS en primavera lo registraron E. americana (3.5 g MS maceta -1 ), mientras que en verano fue B. Toyonensis. Los valores de altura no registraron diferencias (p> 0.05) en ambas épocas, las unidades SPAD solo en el verano y E. americana registró los menores valores (1.8). El contenido de proteína evidenció que los testigos fueron inferiores a todos los tratamientos que fueron inoculados. Las bacterias estudiadas registraron efectos en todas las variables evaluadas y fueron superiores a la fertilización inorgánica y al suelo sin fertilizar. Palabras clave: Bacillus toyonensis, Ewingella americana, Microbacterium oxidans y Pseudomonas clororaphis.Recibido: enero de 2020 Aceptado: marzo de 2020
El objetivo fue determinar el efecto de composta, digestato y bacterias plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) en la curva de crecimiento, acumulación de biomasa, tasa de crecimiento, altura de planta y unidades soil plant analysis development (SPAD) en pasto ovillo recién establecido, bajo condiciones de invernadero. Los tratamientos fueron: digestato (60%), composta (10% en base seca del suelo), bacterias: Brevibacterium frigoritolerans, Bacillus simplex, Pseudomonas putida, control positivo (fertilización con triple 17) y el control negativo (suelo sin fertilización). Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar, la unidad experimental fue una maceta con diez tallos de pasto ovillo, con cuatro repeticiones por tratamiento. Los valores más altos (p< 0.05) de materia seca (6.4 g MS maceta), tasa de crecimiento (0.15 g MS maceta d-1) y altura de forraje (18.3 cm) se registraron en el tratamiento con composta; donde el rendimiento final de materia seca superó 200% al testigo negativo. El tratamiento con digestato evidenció valores inferiores a los obtenidos con composta, pero superó al resto de los tratamientos. Las mejores bacterias PGPB fueron Pseudomonas putida y Bacillus simplex que superaron el rendimiento de materia seca 25 y 37% con respecto a Brevibacterium frigoritolerans y al control negativo, respectivamente. Las bacterias PGPB pueden ser una alternativa de fertilización ya que el rendimiento de materia seca fue mayor que con el control negativo y se igualó al rendimiento obtenido con fertilización química; sin embargo, los dos fertilizantes orgánicos (composta y digestato) favorecieron el mayor rendimiento de materia seca.
Objective: To assess the effect on ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) as a response tophytoregulators produced in digestates obtained from the anaerobic digestion of cow manure, at different initial Ph.Design / methodology: Anaerobic cow manure digestions were set up at differentinitial 5, 6.5, 7.5 and 8.5 pH values and 4, 8 and 20 days of digestion, from these, gibberellic acid (AG 3 ) and indole acetic acid (IAA) were quantified. Thesedigestates were applied to ryegrass grown in containers: on 6 months pasturesapplying all the digestates and in 45 days pastures digestates at 4 days of digestion. The assessed variables were height, fresh and dry weight and number of. The control was developed on unfertilized soil. Results: The initial pH of the digestion influenced the production ofphytoregulators, being higher at pH 5.5 and 6.5; no IAA production was recorded atbasic pH. The application of the digestates had a different effect depending on thepastures age, was greater on the leaf weight variable. In 6 months pastures the increase was between 21 and 24%, in young pastures from 48 to 115% respect to the control. Likewise, there were between 50 and 60% greater number of stems than in the control, applying digestate at 4 days of digestion.Limitations / Implications: The study took place on ryegrass, it would be of interest in the area to evaluate it in other crops .Findings / Conclusions: The initial manure pH has a higher effect on the digestates properties the those of the time of digestion. Digestates can be a fertilizer for ryegrass, its effect is better in young grasses. The digestate even with 4 days of digestion has a positive effect on ryegrass development.
Objective: To determine the effect of three PGPB bacteria (Ewingella americana, Bacillus simplex and Microbacterium ginsengiterrae) and three inoculation media (digestate, compost and cornstarch) on plant height, leaf temperature, stalkdensity, morphological composition, and dry matter yield of orchard grass.Design/Methodology/Approach: A completely randomized design was used, with a factorial arrangement 4X3, the experimental units being a pot with five initial stalks.Results: The dry matter did not show difference between treatments with bacteria (P>0.05), but the control the values increased up to 50%. Compost and digestate media outperformed cornstarch by 22%. The inoculation media had an effect(P?0.05) on the yield and leaf variables, while the bacteria promoted the formation of new stalks and the production of biomass, and reduced the leaf temperature.Findings/Conclusions: Compost and digestate as inoculation media can notably favor the beneficial effect of M. ginsengiterrae, which was the one that registered the best yields
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