Resumo A insegurança alimentar pode ser prejudicial ao desenvolvimento intelectual infantil, influenciando de forma negativa o desempenho escolar. Uma das maneiras de atenuá-la é por meio da alimentação escolar. Nesse sentido, este estudo analisou o efeito da atuação dos profissionais de nutrição nas escolas do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar ( PNAE), como forma de promover a alimentação saudável, sobre o desempenho escolar, medido pelas notas de proficiência dos alunos do 5º ano no exame do SAEB (Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica) de 2019. Para tanto, utilizou-se a abordagem do Local Average Treatment Effects (LATE), uma vez que há endogeneidade no componente do programa. Os resultados foram positivos, evidenciando que a atuação de nutricionistas como responsáveis técnicos do programa aumenta, em média, 12,3 e 36,84 pontos as notas nos testes de português e matemática, respectivamente. As evidências encontradas mostram a importância do PNAE e do papel do nutricionista no desempenho escolar, já que a inserção desse profissional promove uma alimentação escolar saudável e essa pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento cognitivo infantil. Destaca-se o maior impacto da atuação dos nutricionistas do PNAE em alunos com nível socioeconômico mais baixo, sugerindo que ela gerou maior ganho para classe socioeconômica com alunos mais vulneráveis.
This paper aims to analyze the thin subsidies effect on nutritional status and individual food acquisition for individuals in poverty between 2 and 9 years old. With the data of a Brazilian family budget survey, I estimated a model that identifies the individual consumption of calories, based on aggregate household consumption, followed by the estimation of a child health production function, which verifies the effect of a set of variables on Body Mass Index (BMI). Finally, I estimated the children's food demand system for various food categories (healthy and unhealthy). I found that the implementation of thin subsidies can be effective for the variability of healthy food destined to children, contributing significantly to the joint increase in food consumption that reduced prices (fruits, vegetables, fish and milk). However, only the variation in the amount of fruit suffers a variation that is more than proportional to the 20% variation in the price of the selected basket. The discount increases unhealthy food consumption (ultraprocessed and soft drinks) due to the complementarity relationship. Thereby, the combined discount granted to a healthy food basket increases the average total caloric intake. This intervention does not reverse the process of average BMI growth of economically vulnerable children and, consequently, it could not reduce the incidence of childhood obesity. In general, the analysis proposed was essential to understand how specific policy interventions can encourage healthy habits, giving attention to their impacts on vulnerable individuals. Children nutritional status. Children food demand system. Thin subsidies.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.