The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate and trade on a global scale. The Internet of Things makes objects and devices that we use every day—from interior design (home appliances) to sensors in infrastructure (bridges, roads, buildings)—more efficient by enabling them to transmit data and connecting them in the cloud. The next stage is the Physical Internet (PI), which heralds the adoption of technology and methodology of Digital Internet to the real (physical) world. Physical Internet pushes boundaries for research and practice, and its goal is to optimize logistics processes to create more efficient and sustainable supply chains. The article points to the chances that the Physical Internet brings to the logistics efficiency from an EU perspective. The article describes the formal EU preparation for the PI concept as well as the selected first projects, ventures, and tools that already function as prototypes of the PI concept.

The purpose of the article is to identify the conditions for the implementation of deliveries in the Limited Accessibility Zone (LAZ) in Gdansk, based on interviews conducted among suppliers in October 2018. Another goal is to identify guidelines for the need to create a new transport policy for cities, which will be in line with sustainable urban logistics. The presented analysis is not an economic or technical analysis of an executive nature. It focuses on indicating the nature of the impact of factors conditioning further actions related to the discussed area. To define a sustainable urban logistics plan road map, the desk research method was used. It involved analyzing, verifying and merging existing data and information from the results of European projects. The paper can be used as a road map to proceed with planning urban logistics in the city and to create a document of Sustainable Urban Logistics Plan (SULP). This is the first study carried out in the LAZ of Gdansk since its introduction in 2014, therefore conclusions can be used by scientists and the creators of urban transport policy to create limited accessibility zones.

The scale of policies and measures for sustainable urban freight transport in European cities is still insignificant. However, the situation is changing as more and more cities are adopting sustainable urban logistics plans (SULPs). The situation in cities is extremely heterogeneous, so it would be difficult to point to one single policy that fits all. Yet the tool created with European projects constituting an instruction to prepare SULP allows us to follow the standardized steps, regardless of the conditions found in particular cities. The effectiveness of implementing sustainable measures to a large extent depends on the level of acceptability of individual urban space stakeholders. The article presents the results of a survey conducted among stakeholders of a Polish metropolis-the Gdansk-Gdynia-Sopot metropolitan area. The analysis showed that acceptability rises with the increase in the size of the surveyed entities. The most diversified acceptability ratings were obtained for the transport infrastructure solutions. Proposals for Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) solutions are rated more positively by medium-sized and large enterprises. These solutions are assessed with greater caution by small and micro enterprises. The least diversified and clearly higher acceptance indicators were obtained for proposals in the scope of shaping sustainable urban transport development. The assessments obtained from the respondents should therefore constitute an important element of the works for developing the sustainable urban logistics plans starting in 2020 and also the opinions can be an important element of the future sustainable urban logistics plans, which are currently being developed in many European cities. of tools to improve the communication of the organizers of goods flows. Urban logistics projects most often aim to reduce the number of individual cars, decrease pollutant emissions in urban spaces, change regulations, e.g., restrictions on driving in urban areas (concerning the size and type of vehicles, hours of entry, charges, exhaust emissions, stopping) or the consolidation of goods in urban mini hubs. However, the introduction of new solutions is impossible without a long-term strategy developed by transport policy makers and the collection of data from the market.Usually the main objective of city logistics projects is to reduce individual motorization in order to reduce pollutant emissions in urban spaces. These projects concern changes in regulations, changes in the type of vehicles and consolidation centers. In the limited space of a historical city, conceptual change (e.g., cooperation, dock-sharing) may be easier to introduce than hard measures.As part of an impressive number of initiatives over the past few years, many European cities have embarked on a number of sustainable freight transport projects. The goal of the NOVELOG (New Cooperative Business Models and Guidance for Sustainable City Logistics) project in the years 2015-2018 was to enable cities to implement effective and sus...

Distribution of goods in urban areas is one of the most important factors affecting the operation of the region but the management of these services is often overlooked by transport policy makers in Polish cities. Historical buildings create additional difficulties because they make the infrastructure development impossible. It is estimated that in large European cities approximately 25% of CO2 emissions, 30% of nitrogen oxides and 50% of particulates from transport are emitted by trucks and vans. The doctoral thesis presents methods used to optimize distribution processes in cities with historic buildings in Europe and around the world. It also presents the results of a research carried out in the Old Town of Gdańsk and proposes a method to optimize distribution processes for the area, which was the main objective of the work. The hypothesis of the trial has been formulated as follows: locating Urban Consolidation Center not far away from the center of the City of Gdańsk would bring tangible benefits for the city and all users of the urban space. The study used a method of analysis and criticism of literature; detailed study of a particular case and the method of observation. According to the design model, the proposed solution will bring tangible benefits to all users of space – residents, businesses and city authorities. The results of tests carried out on account of this thesis were provided to the city authorities.

Sustainable growth is now the foundation of economic growth, especially if the 2020 pandemic prompts the conclusion that the over-exploitation of planet’s goods is ultimately turning against humanity. Despite the climate crisis, Poles are reluctant to give up cars, and city authorities in Poland do not increase the quality and efficiency of public transport. Young people around the world are seen as hope for changing trends. The aim of the article is to verify the hypothesis about greater awareness of young people in Poland about climate change, manifested by mobility habits, compared to the older generation. The hypothesis was verified by a study onducted on a group of 67 students commuting to the university at the age of 21-23 and a group of 45 commuters aged 25-65. The Sustainable Mobility Indicator (SMI) was created for the purposes of the article. The SMI considers daily travels of residents of a large Polish city. With the use of the created indicator, the hypothesis was rejected.