This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of mycorrhizal fungi and glomalin content in soil under different cover crops with and without the application of nitrogen in the cover. The following cover plants were used: Crotalaria juncea (Crotalaria juncea L.), wild beans from Ceará (Canavalia brasiliensis Mart. ex Benth.), Guandú ‘BRS mandarin’ [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.], millet ‘BR05’ [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.] and sorghum ‘BR 304’ [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. The absolute control of the experiment was the treatment without the use of cover crops, that is, the vegetation of spontaneous occurrence in the area. The experimental design was randomized blocks in subplots with three replications. Spore density, mycorrhizal colonization rate, easily extractable glomalin, and species present in the rhizosphere of the cover crops were determined. No differences were found in the diversity of mycorrhizal fungi associated with the different cover crops studied or in the values of spore density, root colonization, or glomalin content. Nitrogen application did not influence the mycorrhizal activity in the investigated cover crops. The most frequent species associated with cover crops were Scutellospora pellucida and Scutellospora persica in C. juncea; Gigaspora sp. on Sorghum; Glomus macrocarpum in Guandu; G. macrocarpum and Glomus clavisporum in millet; and Glomus microaggregatum and Glomus tortuosum in Spontaneous Vegetation.

a ResumoConsiderando a necessidade de rever a ação dos seres humanos, em relação ao meio ambiente, é que foi desenvolvida a pesquisa ação participativa de Educação Ambiental -EA com um grupo de crianças do Setor Buritizinho da cidade de Arraias-TO. Além das questões ambientais objetivouse desenvolver aprendizagens matemáticas, ligadas ao ambiente cotidiano das crianças de modo significativo. O desenvolvimento do trabalho se utilizou de diversas estratégias, como: aulas passeio, desenhos, jogos, cálculos e resolução de problemas visando diminuir as dificuldades e despertar o interesse das crianças pela matemática. A matemática, ao se tornar ferramenta útil, para soluções de problemas reais é bem aceita, desperta o gosto e favorece o desenvolvimento do raciocínio. As crianças foram instigadas a uma visão crítica de mundo e de sua importância dentro desse contexto. Notou-se que uma educação que considera a realidade da criança muda tanto o desempenho escolar, quanto coopera de maneira fundamental para a construção e desenvolvimento da cidadania.Palavras-chave: Educação Matemática. Aprendizagem Significativa. Educação Ambiental. Abstract Considering the need to review the humans' action regarding the environment, the research was carried out on the participatory action of Environmental Education -EA with a group of children from the Buritizinho Sector of the city of Arraias-TO. In addition to environmental issues, the objective was to develop mathematical learning associated to the children's daily environment in a meaningful way. A variety of

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O Projeto de Extensão Fabricando Papel e Fibras de Bananeiras, constituído basicamente do uso do tronco de bananeira e do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Biologia no Campus universitário de Arraias, com o objetivo de aprimorar as técnicas de fabricação artesanal de acordo com os recursos disponíveis na região e trabalhar a sua aplicabilidade em diferentes peças, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento do artesanato regional e a disseminação de conceitos práticos na Educação Ambiental. O desenvolvimento das atividades neste projeto, portanto, objetiva a reutilização e beneficiamento artesanal deste material, que seria descartado no meio ambiente, evitando assim seu desperdício e transformando-o numa potencial fonte de renda a partir de recursos naturais. De acordo com os resultados positivos deste projeto de extensão, acredita-se que a experiência de acadêmicos e alunos da escola estadual há potencial de conscientização e formação na educação ambiental.

Agricultural expansion is one of the main drivers of global pollinator loss. Paradoxically, this occurs while agriculture is becoming increasingly dependent on biotic pollination, raising concerns about food production. Integrated Crop Pollination (ICP), the use of both wild and managed pollinators in crop fields, can help conserve pollinator diversity while ensuring effective pollination services for growers. However, given the context‐dependent nature of this approach, there is an urgent need to evaluate its application across different landscapes and crops. We apply the ICP approach to açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) production in the eastern Brazilian Amazon to explore effects of a native stingless bee, Scaptotrigona aff. postica (Apidae: Meliponini), and landscape‐level forest conservation on yield and socioeconomic outcomes for açaí fruit growers. We assessed flower visitor assemblages and fruit production on 18 plantations across a landscape forest cover gradient, with bee colonies introduced on nine plantations. Field data were combined with information from semistructured interviews of growers to estimate yield and profit per hectare under different pollinator management scenarios. Bee colonies and forest cover enhanced flower visitor abundance on palm inflorescences, but abundance increases attributed to managed bees were associated with shifts in flower visitor evenness and diversity (species richness), due to reduced visitation of wild bees near managed colonies. Fruit production on inflorescences was positively related to bee abundance and bee diversity. Consequently, overall pollination performance was lower in plantations with bee colonies. This was repeated at the hectare scale, where yield and profit were associated with surrounding forest cover and not bee colonies. Synthesis and applications. Managed bees can increase pollinator densities and fruit production, but the increased environmental and socioeconomic risks associated with this activity means açaí growers should prioritise forest conservation to safeguard pollination services and improve overall sustainability of açaí production in the eastern Brazilian Amazon.