Some composts can produce phytotoxins that inhibit the development of plants and the absorption of nutrients by an excess of indoleacetic acid if the compost is not mature. In the present work, the objective is to evaluate the quality of the compost by means of direct tests of phytotoxicity and agronomic quality with different composts. To determine the quality as organic compost and vermicompost fertilizer were considered physical, chemical and biological variables according to existing manuals. The results obtained for these variables were: In the physical, chemical and biological variables, all the parameters are fulfilled according to the norm. Seed germination of vegetables increased with respect to the control in 14.93%, possibly due to the presence of some root development promoter found in the compost. With regard to survival the witness was inferior by 3.08% Although the amount of nutrients found in composts are not so high, they comply with the minimum requirements of the regulations to be used as a substrate in horticultural applications. Conclusion, the results of this study indicate that the compost elaborated with any type of residue can be used as a substrate in seedbeds of chili, onion or other vegetables to induce germination and accelerate the development of plants.
Daminozide (B-Nine) it is a plant growth regulator, is translocated from the leaves to the stem to avoid elongation and produce more compact plants and uniform growth and vigor. For the cultivation of Lisiathus the information of the damonizide application is scarce despite of great marketing potential, so the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of daminozide on the vegetative growth and flowering of Lisianthus grown in pot. Granulated Lisianthus seeds were germinated and transplanted into pots under nursery conditions. Three foliar applications of daminozide were realized; two applications in vegetative stage and one in flowering, adding three concentrations in each of them (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 ml L–1) were used and water was applied as a control during the vegetative and flowering phases. The applications of daminozide at 1.0 and 1.5 ml L–1 were optimal for the vegetative development in Lisianthus (plant height – 15 cm, size of the internodes – 2.5 cm, number of branches – 3, width and length of the leaves – 3 cm and 6.5 cm), while the dose of 0.5 ml L–1 was favorable for all flowering stages (beginning of flowering – 182 buttons, sepals closed and larger than the petals – 53), visible petals larger than the sepals – 25, floral opening and full flowering – 3 flowers per plant). Based on these results, the application of B-Nine at low concentrations (0.5 and 1 ml L–1) is recommended for the development of Lisianthus in pots.
Study was performed in Chacala, Cabo Corrientes, where the species in study are widely distribuited in a natural form. Bromatologic analisis of fruit of B. alicastrum and E. Cyclocarpum were performed as an alternative to improve animal production, increasing protein consumption, energy and minerals on the livestock diet. Bromatologic analysis was made for crude protein (CP), etereum extract (EE) and nitrogen free extract (NFE) with Wendee method (AOAC, 1990); neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin (Van Soest and Wine, 1967) with ANKOM equipment. Calcium and phosphorus for colorimetry, potasium with flamometer technique (Van Soest, 1979); magnesium, sulphur and copper with TMECC 04.06 / 4.13 method. Nutritional quality was analized on dry matter, ashes, fat and crude fiber. Significative difference was obtained between species on protein (22.90 vs 10.88), fiber (7.24 vs 13.18) and NFE, were the higgest value was for B. alicastrum (67.02%) compared with E. cyclocarpum (60.45%). Inclussion of fruit flour from E. cyclocarpum and B. alicastrum on ovine alimentary rations improvement consumption. Weight increase and alimentary convertion were better with the 10% inclussion. Economic value of alimentary rations with inclussion of fruit flour of E. cyclocarpum and B. alicastrum was lower than witness diet on stabuled ovine, permiting maintain development with significative decrease of production costs.
Within the industry for the production of ornamental plant species, the hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla) is one of the moststriking and popular, due to its beauty and the size of its inflorescences. Its production starts regularly from terminal cuttings thatneed to be rooted. In the present work, the rhizogenic capacity of four commercial products based on growth regulators and twoorganic products was tested: aloe medullary parenchyma and algae extract. The results found showed the efficiency of aloe vera toproduce callus in the cuttings and maintain their turgidity, which implies that it can be used on a small and medium scale in therooting of herbaceous cuttings such as those of Hydrangea macrophylla.
En este trabajo se evaluaron las respuestas fisiológicas asociadas con la manifestación de los síntomas de daño por frío (DF), en frutos de melón cantaloupe en dos estados de madurez. Se utilizaron frutos en madurez fisiológica y madurez de consumo almacenados a 2 y 5° C, a los que se les evaluó el índice de daño por frío, pérdida de peso, firmeza, pH, acidez titulable, contenido de sólidos solubles totales y color del epicarpio; así como la pérdida iónica, la acumulación de etanol, acetaldehído, la velocidad de respiración y la velocidad de producción de etileno. El DF en los frutos almacenados a 2° C en ambos estados de maduración, se manifestó con síntomas similares que a 5° C, pero en diferentes tiempos. Los síntomas del DF se iniciaron en el epicarpio, al presentar zonas con picado superficial, de una coloración marrón, y finalmente se notó el ablandamiento de las zonas dañadas y la formación de zonas acuosas. Los frutos en madurez fisiológica fueron más susceptibles al frío, ya que a los 13 d de almacenamiento a 2° C alcanzaron el máximo nivel de deterioro, mientras que los frutos en madurez de consumo demoraron 30 d. El DF fue acompañado de la reducción de peso, de firmeza, cambios en la velocidad de respiración y de la acumulación de acetaldehído y etanol. El daño por frío de los frutos en ambos estados de madurez se correlacionó positivamente con la velocidad de producción de etileno y firmeza. Sin embargo, en los frutos en madurez fisiológica la correlación se presentó con la acumulación de acetaldehído; y en los frutos en madurez de consumo se correlacionó con la velocidad de respiración. Se concluye que los frutos de melón en madurez de consumo son más tolerantes a las bajas temperaturas de almacenamiento, que los frutos en madurez fisiológica; además, el estado de madurez es determinante en la manifestación de los síntomas de DF, tanto para el momento de aparición como en la severidad de los mismos.
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