" "S So oc ci ia al l C Ca ap pi it ta al l, , I In nn no ov va at ti io on n a an nd d E Ec co on no om mi ic c G Gr ro ow wt th h" " M Ma ar ri ia a T Th ho om mp ps so on n NIPE WP 3/ 2015 " "S So oc ci ia al l C Ca ap pi it ta al l, , I In nn no ov va at ti io on n a an nd d E Ec co on no om mi ic c G Gr ro ow wt th h" " M Ma ar ri ia a T Th ho om mp ps so on n N NI IP PE E *
We develop a R&D-based growth model with productive public expenditure in order to frame the Quadruple Helix (QH) innovation concept, based on four helices: Academia & Technological Infrastructures, Firms, Government and Civil Society. Our motivation stems from acknowledgment that the relationship between these four helices and their joint impact on growth is in need of a theoretical framework. We aim to emphasise the importance to economic growth of innovation systems structured on these four helices. The introduced model confirms theoretically the notion that increases in: (i) complementarities between distinct productive units, or (ii) in productive government expenditure, lead to higher growth.
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