This paper presents the analytical method capacity of the upper bound theorem, under modular approach, to extend its application possibilities. Traditionally, this method has been applied in forging processes, considering plane strain condition and parts with double symmetry configuration. However, in this study, the double symmetry is eliminated by means of a fluency plane whose position comes from the center of mass calculated. The study of the load required to ensure the plastic deformation will be focus on the profile of the part, independently on both sides of the fluence plane, modifying the number and the shape of the modules that form the two halves in which the part is defined. This way, it is possible to calculate the necessary load to cause the plastic deformation, whatever its geometric profile.
The aim of this work was to conduct a dimensional study, in terms of microgeometry, using parts from an additive manufacturing process with fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology. As in most cases of additive manufacturing processes, curved surfaces were obtained via approximation of planes with different inclinations. The focus of this experimental study was to analyze the surface roughness of curve geometry from surface-roughness measurements of the plane surfaces that generate it. Three relevant manufacturing parameters were considered: layer height, nozzle diameter and material. Taguchi’s experimental design based on the Latin square was applied to optimize the set of specimens used. For the manufactured samples, the surface-roughness parameters Ra (roughness average), Rq (root mean square roughness) and Rz (maximum height) were obtained in eight planes of different inclinations (0° to 90°). The results were analyzed using both a graphical model and an analysis of variance study (ANOVA), demonstrating the dependency relationships among the parameters considered and surface finish. The best surface roughness was reached at 85°, with a global average Ra value of 8.66 µm, increasing the average Ra value from 6.39 µm to 11.57 µm according to the layer height increase or decreasing it slightly, from 8.91 µm to 8.41 µm, in relation to the nozzle diameter increase. On the contrary, the worst surface roughness occurred at 20°, with a global average Ra value of 19.05 µm. Additionally, the theoretical profiles and those from the surface-roughness measurement were found to coincide greatly. Eventually, the eight regression curves from the ANOVA allowed prediction of outputs from future specimens tested under different conditions.
Teaching subjects such as Manufacturing Engineering requires the use of effective teaching tools, which help students in their learning process. While the traditional transmission model can be effective when teaching concepts and theoretical contents, others activities are essential to allow students to participate, act or reflect, thus developing skills and competences, such as communication, teamwork, and creativity. This paper presents a learning tool based on the creation of a virtual museum related to the Manufacturing Engineering field, which is included as a coursework in the teaching program of the subject “Manufacturing Engineering”. This subject is taught at the second year of different degrees at the Industrial Engineering School of the University of Malaga and a percentage of its final grade comes from this activity. The museum is materialized through the posters whose format is similar to those presented at conferences and whose content may be referred to three topics (object, process or biography). Once the students are given the necessary instructions, each project is selected by a work group and its development is supervised in the next two sessions by the lecturer. In the final stage, each group gives the presentation about their work. The analysis of the students’ grades obtained from both this activity and the whole subject makes it possible to quantify the impact of this type of activities on the student learning and achievement. Eventually, best posters will be part of the department collection, being accessible to students in subsequent years.
El uso de tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) se ha convertido en una herramienta que se utiliza cada día más en el ámbito educativo y en el ámbito laboral. Desde el punto de vista educativo, las TIC se han utilizado como herramientas facilitadoras del proceso de aprendizaje, mientras que desde el punto de vista laboral, se utiliza esta tecnología como medio fundamental para el control de procesos productivos como para el desarrollo de servicios.Por ello, en la asignatura de Ingeniería de Fabricación de la Escuela de Ingeniería Industriales de la Universidad de Málaga, se ha propuesto al alumnado la realización de un trabajo para la edición de videos de tipo educativo que explique un proceso de fabricación.Dicho trabajo se ha llevado a cabo en diferentes titulaciones donde se imparte la asignatura. Para ello se ha formado un equipo de trabajo por el personal docente de la asignatura, estableciendo una metodología para realizar el seguimiento y evaluación del trabajo realizado por el alumnado.La elaboración de dicho trabajo ha originado la edición de 85 videos relacionados con la Ingeniería de los Procesos de Fabricación, los cuales pueden ser utilizados como recurso educativo en cursos posteriores y facilitar así la comprensión por parte del alumnado de los términos objeto de estudio.
Pérez Galdós fue uno de los más prolíficos escritores de la literatura española del siglo XIX. Puede ser considerado como cronista debido a su atención especial por el detalle y su observador punto de vista. Nuestro escritor llegó a Madrid y vivió aquí desde 1862 hiasta 1920, y recogió todos los cambios que sufrió nuestra ciudad a lo largo del siglo. La obra de Galdós nos muestra todos los paisajes y ambientes, y es un importante documento para conocer cómo vivían nuestros antepasados, cuales eran sus preferencias, lo que les gustaba y lo que no. Uno de los puntos más interesantes de esta ciudad son los jardines; y, sobre todo, los jardines como signo de ascenso social. Así, podemos encontrar diferentes modelos que son repetidos por las clases pudientes: el paisajista y el geométrico son los dos más importantes.Pérez Galdós was one of the most prolific writers of 19tfi century Spanish Literature. He can be considered as a cronicler because of his attention to detall and observant point of view. Our writer arrived to Madrid and lived here from 1862 to 1920, and collected all the changos our city suffered through the century. Galdós' work shows us every landscape and ambient, and it's a very . important document to know how our ancestors lived, their preferences, likes and dislikes. One of the most interesting points of this city are the gardens; and above all, gardens as sign of social promotion. So we can find very different kind of models which are repeated by each well-to-do class: landscaping and geometric gardens were the two most important of them.
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