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Red crab (Pleuroncodes planipes) is a marine crustacean that represents an abundant resource that has not been properly used. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects on cholesterol and n-3 and n-6 FA content in eggs when red crab meal (RCM) was included in laying hen rations. Ninety White Leghorn laying hens were randomly distributed into 3 treatments: control (0%RCM), 3% red crab meal (3%RCM), and 6% red crab meal (6%RCM) for 3 wk. Cholesterol and linoleic (LA), alpha-linolenic (ALA), arachidonic (AA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids were analyzed by gas chromatography. Performance parameters and cholesterol content were not different among treatments (P > 0.05). Total lipids were different in the control group and 6%RCM (9.0 and 9.4% respectively) compared with 3%RCM (10.9%). With 3%RCM and 6%RCM, the levels of all fatty acids analyzed were higher than in the control. Diets with 3 and 6% RCM doubled the content of ALA (16.4 and 15.4 mg/100 g of egg, respectively). Eicosapentaenoic acid was lowest in 0%RCM (6 mg/100 g of egg) compared with 3%RCM (13 mg/100 g) and 6%RCM (17 mg/100 g). Similar results were obtained for DHA (56, 133, and 246 mg/100 g of egg). Linoleic acid and AA were highest (1,211 and 228 mg/100 g, respectively) with 3%RCM and with 6%RCM (1,151 and 200 mg/100 g, respectively) vs. control (890 and 163 mg/100 g). The ratio of n-6 to n-3 FA was 3 times lower with 6%RCM than in the control. It was concluded that inclusion of red crab meal in laying hen rations at levels of 3 and 6% (P < 0.05) increased the n-3 and n-6 fatty acids content in eggs.

A chemical study was conducted on the marine alga Ulva luctuca, collected during the summer of 1994 in La Paz, B.C.S. (Mexico). The results were as follows: crude protein, 10.7%; carbohydrates, 30.9%; ashes, 53.2%; crude fiber, 4.8%; in vitro digestibility, 64.6%; multienzymatic digestibility, 86.5%. Precipitation was detected in the qualitative analysis of the alkaloids. The minerals analyzed were: calcium (0.84%), iron (0.66%), phosphorous (0.14%) and chloride (9.8%). Ulva lactuca is found in great abundance in the area and it is concluded that, due to its chemical composition and high mineral content, it can be used as a mineral supplement for poultry.

Recibido en agosto de 1992; aceptado en diciembre de 1993 RESUMENEn el presente estudio, se establece que Macroqstis pyriferu recolectada en verano e invierno, en Babia Tortugas, B.C.S., presentó variación de algunos componentes de interés nutricional para especies pecuarias, al ser analizada. Los resultados mostraron diferencia significativa (P < 0.01) en el contenido de cenizas, proteína cruda, fibra cruda y digestibilidad in vitro. Así mismo, se encontraron, para el verano, mayores valores en la mayoria de los aminoácidos. Se concluye que el alga recolectada en verano es un recurso potencial, con mayor contenido de minerales y aminoácidos, con buena digestibilidad in vitro para rumiantes y sin presencia de factores antinutricios.Palabras clave: Macrocystis pyrifera, composición quimica, alimentación animal. ABSTRACTIn the present study, it is established that Mucrocystis pyrijk-u collected in summer and winter, in Bahía Tortugas, B.C.S. (Mexico), presented variation in some components of nutritional interest for various animal species. The results showed signiticant difference (P < 0.01) in the content of ashes, crude protein, crude tiber and in vitro digestibility. Likewise, higher values were found, for summer, in most of the amino acids. It is concluded that the alga collected in summer is a potential resource, with a higher content of minerals and amino acids, with a good digestibility of the dry matter for ruminants and without the presente of antinutrient factors.

La composición química aproximada y la energía de las especies acompafiantes del camarón utilizadas para consumo humano y animal se estudió en Alvarado, Vereacruz (Golfo de México). Cinco muestreos se realizaron entre septiembre de 1994 y marzo de 1995 en barcos camaroneros. Las muestras se congelaron a bordo para los análisis de laboratorio de la porción comestible. Los resultados indicaron 16 familias, 22 especies de peces y 1 molusco (calamar). Después de la humedad, la fracción quínuca ffiáS ilbUildáhtefüe-la- protefmrcruda-con -valoresentre 14.3 y 19.6%. Los hidratos de carbono fueron desde 2.1 a 7.4%. El extracto etéreo (lípidos) fue menos abundante pero variable numéricamente (0.5 a 3.8%), las cenizas se cuantificaron entre 0.10 y 0.24%. La energía presentó la menor variación numérica (4.5 a 5.2 kcallg). 12 especies son empleadas como alimento animal y solo Pristipomoides aquilonaris se reportó como de uso exclusivo para este propósito; la composición química fue similar a la de las especies de consumo humano. Anchoa hepsetus, Synodus foetens, Cynoscion arenarius, Upeneus parvus y Trichiurus lepturus, se recomiendan para alimentación humana, especialrnento por su bajo costo en la costa del Golfo de México.