Background/Objective Depressive disorders have a high prevalence around the world. They present a great comorbidity with other disorders like anxiety, thereby making a differential diagnosis very difficult. The Basic Depression Questionnaire was designed to palliate this issue by isolating specific depression symptoms. Our aim is to study the reliability, factorial structure, and differential item functioning of this questionnaire. Method: The sample consisted of 1,397 adults without psychological problems ( M age = 29.76, SD = 11.25, 64.78% women) who completed the CBD. Results: We observed that none of the items presented differential functioning. A monofactorial structure was established. In this model a good fit was obtained by confirmatory factor analysis and a strict invariance by sex. The ordinal alpha was used to check the reliability and it fetched an index of .95. Conclusions: The Basic Depression Questionnaire has adequate psychometric properties. The absence of differential item functioning and the invariance by sex are guarantees of an adequate use to diagnose depression for men and women. So, its clinical use can help to differentiate between the specific diagnoses for depressive disorders and anxiety disorders.
Depression is a highly prevalent disorder with a wide range of symptomatology. Existing instruments for its assessment have only a few items for each factor. The Depression Clinical Evaluation Test (DCET) has been created to cover all depression symptoms at different times (month, year, and always) with several items for each facet. The content validity of this instrument has been judged by experts and, in this paper, we analyse its factorial structure and make a network analysis of it. The test (196 items) was administered to 602 adults without psychological disorders (Mage = 24.7, SD = 8.38, 72% women) both online and on paper. A network was estimated for each time point, using the absolute minimum selection and shrinkage operator. From the factor analysis, 12 factors were established for month, 11 for year, and 10 for always, leaving 94 items. The network analysis showed that the facets of depressive mood, anhedonia, and thoughts of Death, are central to all the estimated networks. The DCET is proposed as a valid and reliable multifactorial instrument to detect the variability of depressive symptoms in adults, guaranteeing its diagnostic usefulness.
La depresión es uno de los trastornos mentales con mayor prevalencia en la actualidad, causando graves problemas sociales y familiares. Es muy común que padecer esta enfermedad esté relacionado con el abuso de sustancias, entre ellas el consumo de alcohol. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las investigaciones realizadas en este ámbito y evaluar en qué áreas y en qué países ha habido mayor producción científica. Material y Método. Para ello se ha realizado una búsqueda en Scopus con los términos (depression) AND (alcohol), acotando los últimos 4 años. Resultados.Se obtuvo un total de 5.389 documentos. Una vez obtenidos los datos se contabilizó la frecuencia de las palabras claves para elaborar una red de co-aparición de términos. En los resultados se presenta tanto la frecuencia de palabras clave como la red de co-aparición. Las palabras clave con una mayor frecuencia de aparición que no estaban incluidas en la búsqueda fueron ansiedad, comorbilidad, abuso de sustancias, epidemiología y suicidio. En la red se observan tres grupos: uno relacionado con el tema de abuso de sustancias y trastornos relacionados con ellas, otro más enfocado a depresión, ansiedad y calidad de vida y un pequeño grupo sobre comorbilidad en abuso de sustancias. Se hizo un análisis de publicación por países donde destaca notablemente EE.UU. como el mayor publicador, con un total de 2670 artículos, seguido de Australia con 485. Conclusiones. Es muy relevante atender a los factores relacionados con el consumo de alcohol y abordar las consecuencias que esto pueda tener sobre las alteraciones emocionales. Por otra parte, es fundamental un abordaje integral que permita cubrir la atención de las comorbilidades clínicas, entre las que destaca, la ansiedad, así como la prevención del suicidio. Palabras clave: Depresión, alcohol, análisis bibliométrico
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