Most social phenomena are processes, and like all processes they 'take time'. They are part of the flow of history; they evolve and, in doing so, produce changes themselves. However, the dynamic aspects of such phenomena are not always taken seriously in the social sciences. Time is often seen as a variable to be added to the others but without incorporating what it changes into what is observed. In other cases, authors focus on events and dates and processes are fragmented : the continuity of the story and its connection with the context can be forgotten. Temporal objects should be subjected to processual analysis (Mohr, 1982, Pettigrew, 1990, Chiles, 2003 etc.). Such analysis aims to consider process in a narrative perspective, integrating the arrangement of elements, rather than measuring occurrences of events and variables. The purpose of this article is to take up the challenge of theorising processes. It will seek to develop a set of conceptual tools based on a linkage between time and the changes observed in the phenomena under investigation.
Social class and the labor market, traditional emphases of sociological analysis, are insufficient to explain variations in modes of professional insertion among young people. Arguing against the dominant understanding of young adults as project-less prisoners of presentism and an uncertain labor market in Argentina, this article reveals the existence of multiple forms of youth temporalities underlying the ways in which young adults are able (or not) to project themselves into the future and enter the working world. Drawing from longitudinal qualitative data, I have identified four types of youth temporalities: planners, executers, dormants and opportunists. This typology brings variation to the way subjects experience time and how this experience helps to examine career choices, thereby opening a new analytical path that connects with broader analyses of dominant temporal frames of professional insertion.
Rapports des jeunes au travail, pratiques d'emploi et diplômes
L'amalgame de parcours différenciésMaría Eugenia Longo 1. Comme nous l'avons développé dans un article à part entière (Longo, 2016b), nous préférons le terme « parcours » à d'autres -comme « itinéraire », « trajectoire », « navigation » -pour y référer le produit croisé des décisions subjectives et des limites objectives du cheminement contraint par les institutions (Passeron, 1990).
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