We obtain a geometrical inequality involving the ADM mass, the angular momentum and the size of an ordinary, axially symmetric object. We use the monotonicity of the Geroch quasi-local energy on 2-surfaces along the inverse mean curvature flow. We also compute numerical examples to test the robustness of our hypotheses and results
Geometrical inequalities show how certain parameters of a physical system set restrictions on other parameters. For instance, a black hole of given mass can not rotate too fast, or an ordinary object of given size can not have too much electric charge. In this article, we are interested in bounds on the angular momentum and electromagnetic charges, in terms of total mass and size. We are mainly concerned with inequalities for black holes and ordinary objects. The former are the most studied systems in this context in General Relativity, and where most results have been found. Ordinary objects, on the other hand, present numerous challenges and many basic questions concerning geometrical estimates for them are still unanswered. We present the many results in these areas. We make emphasis in identifying the mathematical conditions that lead to such estimates, both for black holes and ordinary objects.
In this article we introduce weighted Sobolev spaces that are well suited to treat initial data for multiple black hole systems. We prove general results for elliptic operators on these spaces and give a simple proof of existence of a class of initial data describing many extremal black holes.
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