Lack of knowledge about psychosis, a condition oftentimes associated with serious mental illness, may contribute to disparities in mental health service use. Psychoeducational interventions aimed at improving psychosis literacy have attracted significant attention recently, but few have focused on the growing numbers of ethnic and linguistic minorities in countries with large immigrant populations, such as the United States. This paper reports on two studies designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a DVD version of La CLAve, a psychoeducational program that aims to increase psychosis literacy among Spanish-speaking Latinos. Study 1 is a randomized control study to test directly the efficacy of a DVD version of La CLAve for Spanish-speakers across a range of educational backgrounds. Fifty-seven medical students and 68 community residents from Mexico were randomly assigned to view either La CLAve or a psychoeducational program of similar length regarding caregiving. Study 2 employed a single-subjects design to evaluate the effectiveness of the DVD presentation when administered by a community mental health educator. Ninety-three Spanish-speakers from San Diego, California completed assessments both before and after receiving the DVD training. Results from these two studies indicate that the DVD version of La CLAve is capable of producing a range of psychosis literacy gains for Spanish-speakers in both the United States and Mexico, even when administered by a community worker. Thus, it has potential for widespread dissemination and use among underserved communities of Spanish-speaking Latinos and for minimizing disparities in mental health service use, particularly as it relates to insufficient knowledge of psychosis.
The ICF Checklist permits comparison of the impact mental disorders have on patients. It provides a more appropriate way of evaluating these illnesses in relation to others, considering not only the question of mortality but also the years lived with disability due to illness.
Purpose
To assess the acceptability and efficacy of training community health workers (promotores) in Mexico to both recognize psychosis and to teach others to recognize psychosis.
Method
Two studies were carried out utilizing a single-group design. In Study 1, promotores watched a DVD-based psychosis literacy training. In Study 2, promotores were trained to administer a flip-chart version of the program and they then administered it to community residents.
Results
Significant increases in the post-training assessment of psychosis literacy were observed.
Conclusion
Promotores can be an important resource in identifying psychosis early and enhancing the sustainability of psychosis literacy information campaigns.
A significant portion of psychiatry residents reported psychological symptoms, although they described them as less frequent and less severe than found in the general Mexican population. In spite of this, interpersonal sensitivity was shown as the most severe symptomatic dimension in our sample, unlike findings in the general population.
Introducción. La legalización del llamado matrimonio igualitario, y de la adopción de menores por parejas homosexuales, es un fenómeno reciente y que debe ser estudiado, para lo cual es necesario contar con medidas confiables que permitan dar cuenta de cómo la sociedad percibe a esta nueva configuración familiar. Objetivo: Determinar las propiedades psicométricas de dos escalas: Actitudes Frente a las Familias Homoparentales (AFFH); y Creencias acerca del Ajuste de los Niños de Familias Homoparentales (CANFH). Metodología. La AFFH, con 20 reactivos, fue diseñada para dar cuenta de las actitudes hacia las familias homoparetales. La CANFH tiene 14 reactivos organizados en las subescalas de Oposición Individual (OI) y Oposición Normativa (ON). Ambas escalas ttienen afirmaciones que deben ser respondidas con opciones tipo Likert que van del 1. Totalmente de acuerdo al 5. Totalmente en desacuerdo. La CANFH fue aplicada a 170 estudiantes universitarios (78 (46%) hombres, 92 (54%) mujeres. Media de edad: 18.4 DE+0.94), y la AFFH a 88 (35 (40%) hombres, 53 (60%) mujeres. Media de edad: 18.2 DE+0.84). Se determinaron las propiedades psicométricas por medio de análisis factorial y de consistencia interna. Resultados. La AFFH resulto con un α=0.91; los reactivos se organizaron en dos factores que explican 46.14% de la varianza. En el caso de la CANFH se confirmó la estructura factorial de dos subescalas explicativas de 65.49% de la varianza y con un α=0.94. Conclusiones. Los datos indican que ambas escalas poseen las propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para medir las actitudes de estudiantes mexicanos hacia las familias homoparentales y hacia los efectos que éstas puedan tener en los menores adoptados. [Barragán-Pérez V, Berenzon-Gorn S, García-De la Torre GS, Lara-Muñoz MDC. Actitudes hacia la homoparentalidad: Validación psicométrica de dos escalas en una muestra de estudiantes mexicanos. MedUNAB 2016; 19(2): 85-94].
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