IntroductionPrevious studies inform that psychiatric patients often report problems with their sleep and alcohol increase sleep disturbances.AimsTo analyze the prevalence of sleep disturbances in patients diagnosed of Alcohol Abuse or Dependence and to study clinical and sociodemographic variables associated with sleep disorders.MethodsThe sample is composed of a randomized sample of patients diagnosed of Alcohol Abuse or Dependence following DSM-IV-TR criteria and treated in a Mental Health Clinic in a period of 3 years. Medical records were reviewed. Quality and patterns of sleep were evaluated using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) with a cut-off point 5-6.ResultsA total of 102 patients were included in the study, 69% were male and 31% were female. Mean age 39.4 years (SD 9.26).Sleep disorders were found in 91.6% of patients. The most altered subscales in the overall sample were the Use of Sleeping Medication and Sleep Disturbances. Women presented worse sleep quality compared to men (P < 0.01) with higher number of altered subscales. The most altered subscales in women were Subjective Sleep Quality (P < 0.005) and Sleep Disturbances (P < 0.02).Comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders and other clinical and sociodemographic variables are analyzed.ConclusionsSleep disorders have high prevalence in patients with alcohol abuse of dependence, especially in women and patients with other psychiatric comorbidity. Poor quality sleep may have a powerful impact on the global functioning and prognosis of these groups of psychiatric patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
IntroductionPrevious studies of prescribing in psychiatric services have identified the relatively frequent use of combined antipsychotics in schizophrenia.Aims– To analyze the proportion of patients treated with more than one antipsychotic;– to study clinical as sociodemographic variables associated with types of prescription.MethodsRetrospective descriptive study of treatment prescribed to psychiatric inpatients treated in an acute care unit of Psychiatry Service in a large teaching hospital during a period of 3 years. Consecutively admitted inpatients receiving concurrent antipsychotics were compared with those treated with a single antipsychotic. Prescription drug records at discharging were revised, n = 263.ResultsFrom the total sample, 61% received more than one antipsychotic. The most common types of combinations were atypical plus a typical antipsychotic followed by two atypical antipsychotics, being less frequent combination of three or more antipsychotics. There were 19 different drug combinations. Concurrent antipsychotics were most frequently prescribed in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Patients with more previous episodes of illness received more frequently concurrent antipsychotics than patients with low number of previous episodes of illness (P < 0.03). Patients with longer time of hospitalization, and age between 30 and 50 years were treated more frequently with several antipsychotics. Analysis with other variables is presented in the study.ConclusionsThere is a significant difference in the strategies of treatment with antipsychotics depending on diagnosis and number of previous episodes of illness. The concurrent use of multiple antipsychotics in psychiatric inpatients appears to be a response to treatment resistance and is frequent in schizophrenic patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
IntroductionDepression is a prevalent illness in elderly people. Cognitive deterioration associated to depressive symptoms is frequently considered as Dementia, especially in primary care. The study of the relation between both pathologies is necessary to correct treatment of mental illness in elderly people.AimsThe aim of this study is to investigate whether depressive symptoms are related to certain areas of cognitive decline in elderly people.MethodsThe sample included community people older than 65 years (n = 927), mean age 72.9; 55.1% were women and 44,9% men. Instruments used were Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Blessed Dementia Scale (BDS), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), verbal fluency test, clock drawing task, Wechsler digit substitution test and Wechsler similarity test.ResultsOf the sample, 15,2% presented cognitive deterioration in Blessed Dementia Scale, with statistical significance in relation between growing age, female sex and cognitive deterioration (P < 0.005). Twenty-eight percent of the sample present cognitive decline, finding the same relation between sex, age and cognitive condition. Of the sample, 33.5% presented mild depression, 9.1% moderate depression and 1.4% presented severe depression using BDI. Correlations between depression and cognitive tests were analyzed. In demographic factors, social support was significantly correlated with depression but marital status, occupation and education were not correlated.ConclusionsThere is a high prevalence of depressive symptoms and cognitive deterioration in elderly people. High levels of depressive symptoms are associated with cognitive deterioration, especially in comprehension and judgment, delayed recall, verbal memory and visuospacial coordination in elderly people.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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