Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for humans, but in plants, this essentiality has not been demonstrated. However, the supplementation of Se in crops has been shown to improve the yield and the quality of the edible part. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of Se foliar fertilization on yield, nutraceutical quality and Se accumulation in grape. Five doses of Se (Na2SeO3 at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25 mg.L-1) and a control were evaluated. The results obtained showed that the application in low doses of Se increased the yield; high doses increase nutraceutical quality and induced the accumulation of Se in grapes. In conclusion, the grapevine is a crop with the potential to be biofortified and improve the quality of grape.
Trace element malnutrition causes the development of chronic degenerative diseases. The consumption of minerals and other compounds of biochemical origin through the intake of vegetables can attenuate these deficiencies to a great extent. Because the content in the plant depends on the conditions where it develops, there are still deficiencies that should be taken into consideration. For example, in Mexico, the intake of selenium does not cover the recommended daily requirement. The objective of this study was to use selenium nanoparticles (nSe) as a selenium (Se) source and to determine the effects on agronomic indices, antioxidant compounds, enzymatic activity, and accumulation of Se in fruits of a jalapeño pepper crop. Different concentrations of nSe (1, 15, 30, and 45 mg L−1) were supplied via drench to jalapeño pepper plants at 15, 30, 45, and 60 days after transplanting. The results indicate that applying nSe via drench with 45 mg L−1 increased crop yield and antioxidant compounds. Moreover, all doses evaluated modified the activity of the enzymes ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL), as well as improved the concentration of Se in fruits. The nSe incorporation via drench is an alternative to increase the content of Se and other nutraceutical compounds in jalapeño pepper fruits, possibly positively influencing human nutrition when consumed.
El Selenio (Se), es un micronutriente esencial para los humanos y su deficiencia afecta a un 15% de la población mundial. La biofortificación agronómica mejora la biosíntesis de compuestos bioactivos y propicia su bioacumulación. En el presente trabajo se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación foliar de Se sobre el rendimiento, biosíntesis de compuestos bioactivos y acumulación en lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) cv “Parris Island cos”. Cinco tratamientos fueron utilizados: 0, 10, 20, 40 y 60 μ M L-1. La biofortificación con Se modificó positivamente la biosíntesis de compuestos fitoquímicos y su concentración en hojas de lechuga, sin afectar el rendimiento. La aspersión foliar de Se es una alternativa para incrementar la biosíntesis de compuestos fitoquímicos e incrementar la concentración de este elemento en lechuga con la posibilidad de mejorar la salud pública con su consumo.
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