Objective: To evaluate the body image and nutritional status (NS) of older adults aged 80 and over and its relation with quality of life (QoL). Method: A cross-sectional, quantitative study, with no intervention, using non-probabilistic sampling, was conducted from October 2016 to September 2017 with 103 older individuals aged ≥80 years old from the state of São Paulo. NS was evaluated according to OPAS/SABE; body image was evaluated by the Kakeshita fifteen silhouette scale, and the WHOQoL-bref and WHOQoL-old were used to measure QoL. The Chi-square test was used to verify the association between the studied variables and sex. To compare QoL with nutritional status and body image, the ANOVA Factor test was used. The level of significance was 5% (p<0.05). Results: The majority of the interviewees were female (69.2%) and the average age was 82.75 (±2.98). When comparing the perception of QoL with NS, there was a significant difference (p=0.027) in the self-evaluation of QoL of obese older adults only. The QoL related to body image of both sexes presented a significant difference (p=0.020) in the environmental domain of the WHOQoL-bref in the evaluation of body satisfaction. Conclusion: The body image distortion identified by these older adults did not interfere with their perception of QoL. However, when NS was considered, overweight older adults had a higher perception of QoL.
Objetivo: Investigar a influência da prática de atividade física (AF) na qualidade de vida (QV) de idosos. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa, nas seguintes bases de dados: Embase, Cochrane, Pubmed/Medline, Lilacs, e Scielo com os descritores e termos: idoso, atividade motora, atividade física e qualidade de vida em português e inglês, com os operadores booleanos “or” e “and”. Após a verificação dos critérios de inclusão foram selecionados 13 estudos publicados entre 2012 e 2016. Resultados: Em 61,5% dos estudos o instrumento utilizado para avaliar a AF foi o International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), 15,4% utilizaram simultaneamente Senior Fitness Test (STF) e Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), e para avaliar a QV, 46,2% utilizaram World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument Old (WHOQOL). Independente do instrumento utilizado, os resultados apresentados nos estudos avaliados mostraram que a AF influencia de maneira positiva a QV de idosos. Conclusão: A AF melhora a percepção da QV dos idosos, porém a resposta é mais efetiva quando são realizados exercícios regulares e programados.Palavras-chave: atividade física, qualidade de vida, idosos, revisão.
Introduction: Aging is a worldwide phenomenon that has favored an increase in people aged 80 years and older. Objective: To assess the influence of nutritional status (NS), measures of frailty, and physical activity level (PAL) on the quality of life (QoL) of long-lived people. Method: The study was carried out from Oct 2016 to Sept 2017 with 103 individuals aged 80 years or more. NS was classified according to the PAHO Health, Well-Being and Aging (SABE) survey; waist circumference (WC) and calf perimeter (CP) was based on the WHO classification; handgrip strength (HGS) and gait speed (GS) used the classification proposed by Lauretani; PAL was classified according to the IPAQ short form; the WHOQoL-bref and WHOQoL-old were applied to measure QOL. Variables were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U and t-tests. Results: 69.2% were women, with an average age of 82.75 (± 2.98) years, and only WC showed a significant association (p <0.001). The older women without dynapenia exhibited better QoL in the physical domain (p = 0.004), social relationships (p = 0.022), self-reported QoL (p = 0.017) of the WHOQoL-bref and social participation facet (p = 0.025) of WHOQOL-old. Comparison of QoL with NS and PAL showed a significant difference in self-reported QoL (p = 0.027) for the former and past, present and future activities for the latter (p = 0.050). Conclusion: Obesity and the absence of dynapenia were positively associated with the QoL of long-lived individuals. PAL was associated with positive QoL in one facet of the WHOQoL-old.
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