ResumoA análise relacional de citação, realizada sobretudo pelos métodos de cocitação e de acoplamento bibliográfico, permite conhecer as relações estruturais de conectividade teórico-metodológica de um domínio, a proximidade, a vizinhança, a associação e a interlocução estabelecida entre documentos e pesquisadores, entre outros, como reconhecidos pela comunidade científica. Esses dois métodos têm sido utilizados, individualmente, para a compreensão da comunicação científica, a frente de pesquisa e a estrutura intelectual de domínios científicos. Recentemente, tem se observado estudos comparativos entre eles a fim de verificar suas adequações e eficiência como indicadores de similaridade ou proximidade temática. Neste contexto, dada a importância desses métodos para as análises bibliométricas e de domínio, este estudo tem por objetivo discutir aspectos teóricos e conceituais inerentes aos dois métodos de análise das relações entre citações, Análise de Cocitação de Autores e Análise de Acoplamento Bibliográfico de Autor, visando contribuir para as reflexões e desenvolvimento dos estudos teórico-metodológico brasileiros na temática. Palavras-chave: Análise de cocitação. Acoplamento bibliográfico. Análise relacional de citação. Análise de domínio. AbstractThe relational citation analysis, mainly co-citation method and bibliographic coupling, allows to know the structural relations of theoretical and methodological connectivity of a domain, as well as the proximity, the neighborhood, association and dialogue established between documents and researchers, as recognized by the scientific community. These two methods have been used individually for the understanding of scientific communication, the research front and intellectual structure of scientific domains. Recently, it has been observed comparative studies between them in order to verify their adequacy and efficiency as indicators of similarity or proximity subject. In this context, due the importance of these methods to the bibliometric and domain analysis, this paper aims to discuss theoretical and conceptual aspects related to both methods of relational citation analysis of relationsauthor co-citation analysis and author bibliographic coupling analysis -, to contribute to the discussions and development of the Brazilian theoretical and methodological studies on the subject.
Abstract:This research aims to diachronically analyze the worldwide scientific production on open access, in the academic and scientific context, in order to contribute to knowledge and visualization of its main actors. As a method, bibliographical, descriptive and analytical research was used, with the contribution of bibliometric studies, especially the production indicators, scientific collaboration and indicators of thematic co-occurrence. The Scopus database was used as a source to retrieve the articles on the subject, with a resulting corpus of 1179 articles. Using Bibexcel software, frequency tables were constructed for the variables, and Pajek software was used to visualize the collaboration network and VoSViewer for the construction of the keywords' network. As for the results, the most productive researchers come from countries such as the United States, Canada, France and Spain. Journals with higher impact in the academic community have disseminated the new constructed knowledge. A collaborative network with a few subnets where co-authors are from different countries has been observed. As conclusions, this study allows identifying the themes of debates that mark the development of open access at the international level, and it is possible to state that open access is one of the new emerging and frontier fields of library and information science.
This research aims at performing a comparative study between the Brazilian scientific production in Dentistry, from 2000 to 2009 and countries that contribute with at least 2 % of the world's scientific production indexed in the Scopus database. More specifically, we intend to assess the annual Brazilian scientific production by comparing it to the other countries', analyze the Brazilian and other countries' publications in journals with higher impact factors, as well as to highlight the scientific production from these countries and its international visibility, measured by its total and by its average of citations and normalized citation index per year, by comparing the countries, and to compare the index h of such countries. As work procedure, the SCImago Journal and Country Rank was used as source, identifying the group of producing countries in the Dentistry area from 1996 to 2009. From a total of 136 countries, 13 were highlighted as the most productive, each one of them accounting for at least 2 % the worldwide scientific production in the area. The following indicators were raised for each country: number of produced documents, total of citations, self-citations, average of citations per document and index h. We verified that Brazil is the only country in Latin America that is pictured among the most productive ones in the Dentistry area. We observed that Brazil presents a growing visibility and impact in the international scenery, what suggests that its production is constantly consolidating, with Brazilian scientific recognition in the main vehicles of dissemination in the area.
Esta pesquisa objetiva analisar os indicadores de impacto e relevância - total de artigos publicados, média de citações, número total de citações e índice h dos pesquisadores mais produtivos na área "Estudos Métricos", nos periódicos da base Scopus, por meio de um estudo de correlação, de determinação de melhor equação de regressão do índice h, em função do total de citações, bem como em função de todos os indicadores sob análise. Como procedimento de pesquisa, utilizou-se os termos de busca: "bibliometr* OR scientometr* OR infometr* OR webometr* OR informetr* OR webmetr* OR patentometr*", recuperando-se 36 pesquisadores apontados como os mais produtivos. Para cada indicador, foram calculadas as seguintes estatísticas descritivas: máximo, mínimo, média, desvio padrão e coeficiente de variação. Calculou-se o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson e ajustou-se a equação de regressão do índice h, em função do total de citações. Determinou-se a equação de regressão múltipla, do índice h em função dos demais indicadores. Nas considerações finais, destaca-se a necessidade da combinação destes indicadores para se descrever amplamente o perfil multifacetado de um pesquisador, dada a complementaridade de informações fornecidas pelos indicadores de produtividade e impacto, de naturezas distintas.
This study attempts to describe, in a comparative way, scientific collaboration and co-authoring activities and understanding of Brazilian researchers of productivity level 1 at the National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq). In order to do so, a questionnaire was sent to the researchers of productivity level 1 at CNPq in the Mathematics, Dentistry and Information Science fields, with questions about scientific collaboration and co-authoring activities. We analyzed the scientific production of the researchers who answered the questionnaire and we have identified that 78% of the participants consider that scientific collaboration and co-authorship are different activities, and the potential and usual number of research collaborators is between 2 and 3 in Mathematics and Information Science, and between 5 and 6 collaborators in Dentistry. Differences among fields were pointed out by identifying main collaborators and co-authors. The reasons for collaborating vary according to the nature of the research, however, the percentages are high in these three areas: ''training of researchers and students'', ''desire to increase their own experience through the experience of others'' and ''increased productivity.'' From the analysis of the scientific production declared in their Lattes Curriculum, we have found that the average number of authors per publication in the field of Information Science is 2.2 authors, in Mathematics is 2.8 authors per publication, and in Dentistry the average is 5.3 authors per publication. We have concluded that scientific collaboration and co-authorship are terms assigned to different activities for the analyzed fields.
Alexis de Tocqueville, contemplando a tecnologia emergente na América, em meados do século 19, resumiu uma boa premissa de governança: “um novo mundo pede novas políticas”. Hoje, para usarmos uma referência bem próxima, o movimento de adequação das universidades estaduais paulistas às exigências dos novos tempos não poderia vir apenas de uma instituição, isoladamente. Foi unânime, destarte, a decisão de seu Conselho de Reitores (Cruesp), no sentido de empreender um estudo conjunto, das três universidades, sobre políticas a serem adotadas e definir qual a base digital ideal para aferição, registro e difusão de seu desempenho acadêmico. Este livro mostra conteúdos orientadores do projeto “Indicadores de Desempenho nas Universidades Estaduais Paulistas”, ora em andamento. O desafio central do estudo é ampliar e consolidar mecanismos para uma efetiva prestação de contas aos contribuintes. Os ensaios desta coletânea foram aceitos por seus méritos, e não em razão de posicionamentos. Esse, em suma, será o critério a inspirar os reitores aqui reunidos, diante da oportuna e valiosa contribuição que os autores desta obra oferecem à governança acadêmica.
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