The world of work is changing profoundly, at a time when the global economy is not creating a sufficient number of jobs. Many documents issued by the EU and various researches, carried out by companies and human resources experts, point out that the so-called “soft” skills are closely connected with employability, particularly for young people entering the labour market. At present, EU countries have different methodologies and approaches to the teaching and assessment of soft skills. Another obstacle is represented by the absence of a common language. There are different ways of naming ‘soft skills’, different definitions of them, different manners of classifying and clustering them. The article explores some classifications of soft skills and presents a collection of best practices and methods for teaching and learning them at University level, taking into account different perspectives and basing on the results of two European projects focused on this topic. The final goal is to provide an analysis aimed at the identification of the most important soft skills needed for a successful transition from University education to the labour market. The analysis includes a brief chronological excursus on relevant studies on the subject, a review of current literature on employability skills, quantitative (surveys) and qualitative (focus groups) researches from Europe and Third Countries, identifying the range of soft skills relevant for newly graduates. The aim of this overview is to enhance understanding of soft skills and to indicate key areas for soft skill development at University level.
The aim of the article is to show the role of school social support and school social climate in dating violence victimization prevention among adolescents in Europe. Study participants were students from secondary schools (age 13–16) in Spain, Italy, Romania, Portugal, Poland and UK. The analysis in this text concern student with dating experience (n = 993) (57.2% of girls and 66.5% of boys). School social support was measured by School Social Climate, Factor 1 Scale (CECSCE) and by Student Social Support Scale (CASSS), subscales teachers and classmates. The association between school social support and different types of dating victimization (physical and/or sexual dating violence, control dating violence and fear) was measured by calculating the prevalence ratios and their 95% confidence intervals, estimated by Poisson regression models with robust variance. All the models were adjusted by country and by sociodemographic variables. The results show that the average values of all types of social support are significantly lower in young people who have suffered any type of dating violence or were scared of their partner. The likelihood of suffering physical and/or sexual dating violence decreased when school social support increased [PR (CI 95%): 0.96 (0.92; 0.99)]. In the same way, the likelihood of fear decreased when school social climate increased [PR (CI 95%): 0.98 (0.96; 0.99)].There is an association between school social support and school social climate and experiences of being victim of dating violence among adolescents in Europe. Our results suggest that in the prevention of dating violence building a supportive climate at schools and building/using the support of peers and teachers is important.
El presente estudio tenía como objetivo explorar la eficacia del Aprendizaje-Servicio 100% online (APSv), implementado durante la pandemia COVID-19 en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios italianos. Los objetivos fueron: comprender, según la perspectiva de los y las estudiantes, ventajas y desventajas de hacer APSv (9 proyectos en total) y el valor atribuido a la experiencia; investigar la eficacia de APSv en el desarrollo de las competencias transversales de los y las estudiantes y el aumento de su percepción de la importancia de estas competencias en su futura actividad laboral. El estudio mostró que los y las estudiantes perciben dificultades relacionadas con: la complejidad del trabajo a distancia, la falta de contacto humano, la comprensión del impacto del proyecto, la descontextualización del servicio, y la falta de competencias digitales. Sin embargo, reconocieron que la esfera digital ofrece nuevas oportunidades para gestionar el trabajo, impactos potencialmente más amplios y nuevos enfoques para el diseño digital. Por último, los resultados proporcionaron información sobre los beneficios del APS 100% online para el desarrollo de competencias transversales (comunicación, habilidades analíticas, habilidades de procesamiento de información y datos digitales, y resolución de problemas digitales). El estudio aporta indicaciones para la práctica docente y la investigación futura.
Nel dibattito contemporaneo sul ruolo dell'Higher Education, il servizio alla comunità assume un ruolo centrale tanto nel modo di intendere la relazione tra università e società quanto nel processo di innovazione della didattica universitaria. In questo scenario il Service-Learning si presenta come una proposta pedagogica innovativa capace di collocare l'università al centro del processo di sviluppo sociale, coinvolgendo docenti, ricercatori e studenti in un processo di insegnamento-apprendimento che interroga i saperi accademici e li rende vivi ed efficaci per trovare risposte a bisogni rilevanti, co-costruendo insieme ai membri della comunità progetti di miglioramento sociale. Il presente contributo – contestualizzando la proposta pedagogica alla luce delle sfide di progettazione e valutazione – descrive l'impatto di un progetto di Service-Learning universitario partendo da un approccio stakeholder-driven che ha impiegato strumenti di indagine di tipo quali-quantitativo raccogliendo i dati secondo la logica del cambiamento generato in virtù delle attività realizzate. L'analisi dei dati ha reso evidenti alcune risultanze capaci di orientare future prospettive di sviluppo sia rispetto alla relazione tra università e società sia al rinnovamento della didattica universitaria, affinché la crescita e lo sviluppo non sia solo dell'individuo ma dell'intera comunità.
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