Since the mid 1970s, Argentine society has gone through a period characterised as counterrevolutionary. The conservative social forces, led by the financial oligarchy, seized power and government by means of the coup d'e tat of 1976, and imposed an economic and social policy towards the working class, based on wage cuts and a lengthening of the working day. When the military governments were replaced by civilian ones, physical coercion was replaced by economic coercion, through market laws with unemployment and wage cuts reaching unprecedented levels. Although the popular forces were weakened by the unfavourable development of social struggles since the mid-1970s, during the 1990s government policies were confronted by the people through different forms of struggle.This article presents the results of research on the different forms of social struggle carried out by the working class and other popular classes since the end of the 1980s until today. It aims to conceptualise the forms of rebellion (foot riot, riot, strikes and roadblocks), to determine the different moments of social struggle and the likely trends of its development.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Of particular interest for this topic are the signaling cascades that regulate cell survival and death, two opposite cell programs whose control is hijacked by viral infections. The AKT and the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) pathways, which maintain cell homeostasis by regulating these two programs, have been shown to be deregulated during SARS-CoVs infection as well as in the development of cancer, one of the most important comorbidities in relation to COVID-19. Recent evidence revealed two way crosstalk mechanisms between the AKT and the UPR pathways, suggesting that they might constitute a unified homeostatic control system. Here, we review the role of the AKT and UPR pathways and their interaction in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as in tumor onset and progression. Feedback regulation between AKT and UPR pathways emerges as a master control mechanism of cell decision making in terms of survival or death and therefore represents a key potential target for developing treatments for both viral infection and cancer. In particular, drug repositioning, the investigation of existing drugs for new therapeutic purposes, could significantly reduce time and costs compared to de novo drug discovery.
En diciembre de 2015 retornó al gobierno la fuerza social acaudillada por la oligarquía financiera dando continuidad al período contrarrevolucionario iniciado a mediados de la década de 1970 que acompaña el desarrollo del capitalismo predominantemente en profundidad y genera una creciente masa de población sobrante para las necesidades del capital. Ese retorno, en un momento descendente de la lucha de la clase obrera, fue posible por la fractura del movimiento sindical y de la alianza social popular. Los resultados de la política económica del nuevo gobierno fueron una fuerte caída de la actividad productiva, aumento de la desocupación, fuerte inflación con deterioro del salario real e importante crecimiento de la pobreza. Pronto comenzaron las protestas, tanto de la capa más acomodada de la clase obrera como de la más pobre, que en general, y a diferencia de las décadas anteriores, no sólo se movilizaron conjuntamente sino establecieron relaciones orgánicas, a pesar de las numerosas fracciones político-sindicales en que estaban divididas. La resistencia se manifestó en seis huelgas generales y numerosas protestas callejeras entre las que se destaca la de diciembre de 2017, que desbordó el sistema institucional. Las demandas sindicales planteadas apuntaron a reivindicaciones económicas inmediatas (paritarias libres, contra despidos) y contra la política económica del gobierno en general, especialmente contra la implementación de las reformas laboral, jubilatoria y tributaria y el acuerdo con el FMI.
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