The Archaeological Museum of Jaén's sizeable collection of Iron Age sculptures, dating from the fifth century BCE, were all found at Cerrillo Blanco de Porcuna, a site in the Spanish province of Jaén. The collection comprises over 40 statues and hundreds of fragments. Incisions recently identified on some of these sculptures have been interpreted to be sculptors' marks. The present archaeometric study conducted with a 3D roughness meter showed that the marks on several of the sculptures analysed were made with the same type of tool and the same engraving technique. While the graphological differences denote different authorship, they would appear to have been made in the same workshop. The morphological differences observed in the lines analysed on other sculptures are interpreted to indicate the use of other types of tools and engraving techniques.
Edad del Bronce por una marcada ausencia de sepulturas. Esto es en realidad una norma común al mundo atlántico de toda Europa occidental, donde la desaparición de tumbas después del Bronce Medio es más antigua conforme más al norte. En el presente trabajo se aborda el estudio de las sepulturas consideradas del Bronce Final, y se llega a demostrar que se trata de atribuciones que no resisten una revisión critica profunda. En consecuencia, la ausencia de enterramientos debe explicarse elaborando hipótesis distintas a la búsqueda de necrópolis entendidas al estilo tradicional. ABSTRACT One of the most important characteristics of all the Atlantic part of the Iberian Peninsula during the final phase of the Later Bronze Age is the absence of burials. In fact, this characteristic is shared by all the Atlantic areas in Westem Europe. This phenomenon gets progressively older as one moves northward. Attempts have been made to fill this void with various discoveries. In this paper we deal with those graves considered as belonging to the Later Bronze Age and it has been demonstrated that they have been wrongly attributed to that date and that they are not true burials. As a result, the absence of burials must be explained by using hypothesis different from the search for cemeteries as traditionally understood. Palabras clave Bronce Final. Fachada atlántica peninsular. Costumbres funerarias. Key words Later Bronze Age. Atlantic part of the Iberian Peninsula. Burial pattems. (') Este trabajo se ha realizado en el marco del proyecto FUNUS subvencionado por
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The main argument put forward in the article is that MERCOSUR accommodated the protection of human rights as non-trade issues in its institutional framework, analysing the conflict between the protection of human rights and trade issues at the sub-regional level. In order to give a complete and clear picture of these developments, the paper examines member states' constitutional provisions and the implementation of MERCOSUR labour and environmental standards before national courts
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