Plant based protein sources are one of the best, cost effective and easily available protein sources being used in fish feed. But due to a lower number of micro-biota in fish gut plant meal based diets cannot be digested and absorbed well in fish body. Probiotics were supplemented at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 gkg -1 levels in fish feed for formulating one control and five test diets. In this study, three replicates of each treatment HIGHLIGHTS Maximum improvement in growth parameters was observed in Cyprinus carpio fingerlings fed corn gluten meal based diet supplemented with 2 gkg-1 level of probiotics supplementation. C. carpio fingerlings fed with 2 gkg-1 level based diet showed higher values of RBCs, WBCs and platelets whereas 3 gkg-1 level showed second higher concentrations of blood parameters. Highest carcass composition was noted when fingerlings were fed with 2 gkg-1 level while the second higher level of these parameters were noted at 3 gkg-1 level based diet.Hussain, S.M.; et al.
Background: Preterm birth remains a large public health concern and contributor to neonatal morbidity. The effect of a cesarean in different stages of labor on spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) in a subsequent pregnancy has not been extensively studied. Aim: To assess the association of subsequent preterm delivery with second stage of labour at time of cesarean delivery in previous pregnancy in females presenting with singleton pregnancy. Study design: Cohort study Place and duration of study: Unit IV, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore from August 2017 to February 2018. Methodology: A total of 180 patients who was fulfill the selection criteria included in the study. Females were asked for stage of labour at time of cesarean section in previous pregnancy and two groups were formed. Group I females with C-section at first stage and group II females with C-section at second stage. Then all patients were followed-up in OPD till delivery of index pregnancy. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Results: The mean age in all cases was 30.95±5.55 years with minimum and maximum age as 20 and 40 years. The mean age in group-I was 31.09±5.71 years and the mean age in group-II was 30.81±5.40 years. The mean parity in group-I and group-II was 2.78±0.92 and 2.82±0.84. The mean gestational age in group-I and group-II was 39.04±1.94 weeks and 38.22±3.05 weeks respectively. In group-I 4(4.4%) cases and in group-II 15(16.7%) cases had preterm birth, the preterm birth was higher in group-II as compared to unexposed group-I, pvalue <0.05. The RR = 0.267 shows protective effect on PTB in group-I. Conclusion: Through the findings of this study we found significant association of subsequent preterm delivery with second stage of labour at time of cesarean delivery in previous pregnancy in females presenting with singleton pregnancy. So females with previous LSCS must be screened timely to prevent subsequent preterm birth. By minimizing subsequent preterm birth we can reduce related neonatal mortality. Keywords: Cesarean delivery, Preterm birth, Second stage of labor.
Background: Endometrial polyps are common among females especially in postmenopausal women. They have different type of prognosis and could lead to other related comorbidities. Metabolic syndrome is one of those conditions. Aim: To determine the association between endometrial polyp and metabolic syndrome. Study design: Case control study. Place and duration of study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit-IV, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore from12-04-2016 to 13-10-2016. Methodology: One hundred women presenting in the obstetric and gynecological outdoor of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore who meet the inclusion criteria of age between 18 to 60 years and with confirmation of endometrial polyps enrolled in this study. Detailed history and written informed consent was obtained from each patient. Two groups of patients were assimilated as follows. Cases: Those with endometrial polyp (as per operational definition), Controls: Healthy women without endometrial polyp (endometrial thickness≤5mm on transvaginal ultrasound scan). Patient’s workup was done on outdoor basis and demographic details along with presence/absence of metabolic syndrome were recorded in the attached proforma. All patients were examined by a single resident and all labs were acquired from a single (Hospital) laboratory to eliminate bias. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 33.57±6.65 years. The women who presented are maximum of having second parity 42(42%) and parity 3, 23(23%). There was significant difference for the metabolic syndrome in the cases and control as there were 33(62%) cases who have metabolic syndrome and 20(37%) control were having this disease.(odds ratio >1). Conclusion: There is significant association of endometrial polyps with metabolic syndrome. Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, endometrial polyps, Lipid profile.
Organophosphorus compounds may induce oxidative stress leading to generation of free radicals and alterations in antioxidant and scavengers of oxygen free radicals. The present study included one hundred and sixteen patients who had organophosphorus (OP) poisoning of 3-5 hours duration from the time of consuming the poison. The study focused to elucidate the role of free radicals in organophosphorus toxicity by estimation of various oxidative stress markers. The results of the study suggest significant alteration of these oxidative stress markers which in turn suggests significant free radical generation due to OP poisoning. This may be due to overuse failure of the antioxidant defence system secondary to excessive reactive oxygen species production. The study also indicated that the incidence of poisoning was more common among males. Overall, the study found that accidental poisoning was far less than suicidal cases with homicidal cases being the rarest. Most of the patients belonged to rural areas. Keywords: organophosphorus, oxidative stress.
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