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P SUnderstanding the cognitive processes underlying visual word recognition remains a major challenge in psycholinguistics, cognitive psychology, and cognitive science. In fewer than 30 years, a large amount of work has identified a number of relevant variables that affect the speed and accuracy with which words can be processed (for reviews, see Balota, Yap, & Cortese, 2006;Rastle, 2007). However, at the same time, it is becoming clear that the existing approach has its limitations. Nearly all research has been based on small studies involving a limited set of monosyllabic, monomorphemic words selected according to factorial designs with a limited number of independent variables matched on a series of control variables.The emphasis on monosyllabic words can easily be understood by the facts that these words are relatively simple stimuli to work with, that researchers wanted to limit the number of words implemented in their computational models, and that, for these words, a lot of ratings about their lexical characteristics are available (such as subjective frequency, age of acquisition, imageability, etc.; e.g., Balota, Pilotti, & Cortese, 2001;Brysbaert & New, 2009;Cortese & Fugett, 2004;Cortese & Khanna, 2008;Desrochers & Thompson, 2009;Ferrand et al., 2008;New, Pallier, Brysbaert, & Ferrand, 2004;Stadthagen-Gonzalez & Davis, 2006).The strong emphasis on monosyllabic monomorphemic words is a serious limitation, however, given that they represent fewer than 15% of the words known. As Yap and Balota (2009) recently argued, the important next step is to understand the cognitive processes underlying the visual word recognition of more complex words-that is, polysyllabic and polymorphemic words (for such a view, see also Assink & Sandra, 2003;Ferrand & New, 2003;Ferrand & Segui, 2003).
The English Lexicon ProjectAn interesting alternative approach was initiated by Balota et al. (2007) The French Lexicon Project involved the collection of lexical decision data for 38,840 French words and the same number of nonwords. It was directly inspired by the English Lexicon Project (Balota et al., 2007) and produced very comparable frequency and word length effects. The present article describes the methods used to collect the data, reports analyses on the word frequency and the word length effects, and describes the Excel files that make the data freely available for research purposes. The word and pseudoword data from this article may be downloaded from http://brm.psychonomic-journals.org/content/supplemental.