RESUMOO levantamento florístico de espécies arbóreas foi realizado em uma mata de restinga no município de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O local de estudo é conhecido como Mata da Praia do Totó e compreende um remanescente formado por ambientes de matas de restinga arenosa e turfosa. Foi amostrado um total de 65 espécies nativas compreendendo 51 gêneros distribuídos em 34 famílias.A família que apresentou o maior número de espécies foi Myrtaceae com dez espécies, seguida de Salicaceae e Rubiaceae. Os gêneros mais representativos foram Myrsine e Eugenia, respectivamente com quatro e três espécies. A análise de similaridade amostrou que a mata arenosa é floristicamente relacionada com florestas ciliares e de encosta e a mata turfosa com outras florestas localizadas em áreas de saturação hídrica permanente do solo. A riqueza de espécies do local é elevada para matas de restinga no Rio Grande do Sul, provavelmente pela influência de florestas situadas na Serra dos Tapes e pela diversidade de ambientes que compõem a área de estudo. Palavras-chave: Praia do Laranjal; Laguna dos Patos; ecossistemas costeiros; mata de restinga. ABSTRACTThe floristic survey of tree species was performed in a 'Restinga' forest, municipality of Pelotas, Rio Grande do sul State, Brazil. The area studied is known as 'Mata da Praia do Totó'('Totó' beach forest), and comprises a remnant formed by a sandy and turf 'Restinga' forest. A total 65 native species were sampled comprising 51 genera distributed in 34 families. The family with the greatest number of species was Myrtaceae, with ten species, followed by Salicaceae and Rubiaceae. The most representative genera were Myrsine and Eugenia, respectivelly sampled with four and three species. The analysis of similarity sampled that the sandy forest is floristically related to riparian and hillside forests and the forest peat is related to other forests located in areas of permanent water saturation of soil. Species richness of the site is high for 'Restinga' forests in Rio Grande do Sul state, probably due to the influence of forests located in Serra dos Tapes and by diversity of the environments that make up the study area.
Exotic species are spreading in various parts of the planet and sometimes becoming biological invaders. A floristic survey was carried out to find exotic trees, shrubs, and climbers in different communities in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The traversal method was used at 26 sites. The richness totaled 26 species in 22 genera and 17 families. There are 19 trees, 5 arborescents, 1 shrub, and 1 climber. Most of the exotic species are already naturalized in the study area. Between 1 and 10 individuals sporadically occur at each site. For species of characteristically invasive exotic plants were observed, including 3 trees (Pinus elliottii Engel, Pinus taeda L. Engelm., and Pittosporum undulatum Vent.) and 1 shrub (Ulex europaeus L.). A continuous monitoring of exotic flora is needed to eliminate or control invasive plant species and to avoid economic and ecological damage to ecosystems.
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