As part of a study on ovarian and oviductal adenocarcinomas in older laying hens, 676 commercial egg-laying chickens were necropsied at 4 yr of age. Tumors were identified in 305 (45.1%) of the hens. Grossly visible metastatic tumors in the lungs of a few birds prompted collection of lungs from 228 affected hens for histologic examination. Metastatic adenocarcinomas were identified histologically in the lungs of 42 of the 228 hens (18.4%). The number of tumors and extent of involvement of the lung parenchyma varied from minimal to extensive. Tumor emboli were occasionally seen in pulmonary vessels. Metastatic foci showing expansive or invasive growth were identified. These findings indicate that vascular spread of adenocarcinomas is more common than previously thought in chickens, and the lungs are often involved with metastatic tumors, primarily from the reproductive tract.
e19219 Background: In the Genitourinary (GU) Cancer Unit of Clínico San Carlos Hospital the inclusion rate in Clinical-Trials (CTs) from January-October 2018 was 39%. However, in bladder cancer patients it was only 24%. We identified improvement areas in order to increase the inclusion rate of these patients up to 30% from November 2018-March 2019. Methods: We used as an instrument the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Quality Training Program (QTP). We collected the number of proposals and available CTs, the number of bladder cancer patients evaluated for the first time and the patients enrolled in CTs. We also identified the causes of non-enrollment and elaborated a list of possible solutions. Results: We developed a cause-effect diagram showing that the most relevant causes of non-enrollment in CTs were the eligibility criteria (60%) and the absence of available CTs (35%). We created a list of measures and identified which would have a higher impact. On November 2018 we started a protocolized Supportive-Care evaluation by our Oncology nurses to increase the number of eligible patients. We also initiated the diffusion of CTs in the Investigation Unit and in the GU-board to increase the number of available CTs and recruitment. In January 2019 we implemented a Geriatric evaluation for the elderly, also to increase the number of eligible patients. With these measures the number of accepted trials increased from 5 in January-October 2018 to 12 in November 2018-March 2019. Also, in January-October 2018, 46% of patients were not-enrolled in a CT due to ineligibility, which decreased to 25% from November 2018-March 2019. As a result, the enrollment rate increased to 43, 75% from November 2018-March 2019. We maintained the measures, and achieved an enrollment rate of 54, 83% from May-December 2019. Conclusions: The implementation of a Supportive-Care and a Geriatric evaluation, and the diffusion of CTs helped increase the percentage of eligible patients and the number of available CTs. With these improvements, we were able to increase the enrollment rate in CTs from 24 to 58, 83%.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.