Circulation blood volume reduction, vascular tone change and decreased cardiac output are the three major factors constituting the acute hemorrhage syndrome pathogenesis that has originally been referred to as “hemorrhagic shock”. Vascular trend with secondary redistribution of the blood volume and following microcirculatory changes as well as the cellular one with principal metabolic modifications are considered to be the leading ones in the development of shock. After the establishment of the leading role of acute hypovolemia and anemia this phenomenon has been labeled “acute posthemorrhagic anemia syndrome”. The development of polyorganic insufficiency syndrome after acute hemorrhage is to a great extent associated with oxygen transport disturbance due to circulatory hypoxia and to a lesser one — with haemic hypoxia due to circulating red blood cells and hemoglobin deficit. Profound tissue metabolism disorders persist even after central hemodynamics and microcirculatory perfusion restoration thus considerably decreasing the nonspecific immune defense and the ability of tissues to reparation and enhancisng proinflammatory and destructive tendencies.
Introduction. According to the commonly accepted classification, geographical division of the Southern Near-Aral region (Karakalpakstan, Republic of Uzbekistan) is determined by the distance from the epicenter of the formal Aral Sea ecological disaster. The physique development was compared in male youngsters living in Zone No. 1 (critical), Zone No. 2 (stable) and Zone No. 3 (normal). The aim was a comparison of body length and mass in male youngsters up to 17 years old living in all three zones. Material and methods. Total body length and mass were studied in 320 male volunteers, age 1719. Z-index of body length and body mass index (BMI) were estimated according to the standards of WHO Growth Reference, 2007. Batch-to-batch variations were studied with KruskalWallis test, and MannWhitney criterion including Bonferroni correction for multiple comparison. Categorical features were compared using Fishers exact test for 33 contingency tables with calculating the proportion of children with one or another deviation in body weight. The results were considered statistically significant at p 0.05. Results. Subjects from Zone 1 possessed significantly lower valued of BMI and Z-index. The incidence of Z-index values lower than mean (less 1 SD) were significantly higher in Zone 1 (critical). Conclusion. The results may be explained by via chemical pollution of the environment by the endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the critical zone of the Aral See region ecological disaster and can be implied for the health monitoring of the local population.
The present study deals with preliminary assessment of adolescents’ with Pectus excavatus (PE) personal emotional characters of selt-attitude prior to and after surgical treatment. PE is a congenital defect manifesting in retraction of sternum and cartilaginous portions of the ribs into the rib-cage. It constitutes about 90% of the entire number of cases of congenital pathology of the chest, its rate as high as 1-8 per 1000 neonates. The only method of treatment for this pathology is surgical operation for conservative measures can’t stop progressive deformation of the chest. The peak of this pathology coincides with adolescent period which is particularly sensitive for forming of personality. The goal of the present study is the assessment of emotional and personality features of adolescents with PE that are manifesting in peculiarities of cognitive, affective and behavioral reactivity. 26 adolescent patients aged 13 to 17 years with PE hospitalized at surgical clinic of St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University for subsequent primary operative elimination of this defect or recurring operation – ablation of the implant (1-4 years after the primary surgery) took part in the present study. High level of anxiety and depression associated with negative perception of their bodies prior to surgery was revealed. Urgent need for psychological assistance of these adolescents is evident as well as extension of further studies associated with peculiarities of emotional self-perception and its correlation with children-parents relationship character.
This paper presents analysis results of the research on endocrine and metabolic disorders in women who underwent surgery interventions for uterine myomas. Uterine myoma is one of the most common gynecological diseases. Main types of surgical interventions to treat uterine myomas are: hysterectomy, which is an organ-removing operation with various volume of surgical intervention: supravaginal amputation or extirpation of the uterus. Another type is myomectomy — an organ-preserving operation — when myoma nodes are removed, but the uterus and ovaries are preserved if they have no pathology. Removal of the uterus with appendages or without ovaries results in a decreasing production of estrogens, which play a key role in regulation of metabolism and various functions of the body systems. Estrogen deficiency, occurring after hysterectomy, deprives patients of a comprehensive protective effect of female sex hormones in all types of metabolism and normal functioning of organ systems. Hypoestrogenemia leads to development of a post-hysterectomy syndrome that comes out in early development of atherosclerosis, circulatory diseases, osteoporosis, psychological status disorders and urogenital disorders. Hypoestrogenemia is a key link in the pathogenesis of endocrine and metabolic disorders after hysterectomy. Endocrine disorders can be found at almost all levels of the regulatory and executive axis of the endocrine system. So far, hormonal function of the peripheral endocrine glands after myomectomy has been poorly studied. Currently available publications give no data on endocrine and metabolic disorders in patients after the myomectomy.
Management of variability of the cardiac rhythm (VCR) is widely applied as a marker of psycho emotional state in educational institutions. This approach is suitable for testing properties of the pupils for the detection of vocal signals. The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of VCR as an objective parameter corresponded with psycho-emotional tension and acoustic perception of the speech in youngsters under sophisticated condition of the competition between vocal signals pronounced by different individuals. Methods. VCR was measured in 44 male and female youngsters 1316 years old with the comparison of identification of competing acoustic signals random sequences of words simultaneously pronounced by male or female voice. VCR analysis provided distinction the prevalence of sympathetic versus parasympathetic tone reflecting high or moderate level of psycho-emotional tension. Results. Identification of target words pronounced by female voice in subjects with prevalence of sympathetic or parasympathetic tone was correct in 96% and 87% respectively. Target words pronounced by the male voice were correctly identified in 88% cases in both groups. It is suggested that in primary schools where women compose majority of teachers, the developing juvenile brain imprints the corresponding acoustic wave band. Under the conditions of psycho-emotional tension these links are realized with maximal effectiveness.
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