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Experimental measurements of dew points for seven methane + carbon dioxide + water mixtures in the pressure range of 1.1 × 10 5 -60.5 × 10 5 Pa in the temperature range of 243.1-288.1 K, and four ethane + carbon dioxide + water mixtures at pressures of 1.1 × 10 5 -20.3 × 10 5 Pa and temperatures of 252.2-288.4 K, were determined. The experimental results obtained on the ternary systems were analyzed in terms of a predictive excess function-equation of state (EF-EOS) method, which reproduced experimental dew-point temperature data within an absolute average deviation (AAD) of 0.1-2.1 K. The experimental results obtained for the studied mixtures at pressures of >5 × 10 5 Pa were also compared to a predictive equation of state (EOS) model. It reproduced experimental dew-point temperature data within AAD values of 0.9-2.1 K.

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Solubility measurements of several non-polar gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, H2, D2, N2, O2, C2H4, C2H6, CF4, SF6, andCO2) in cyclohexanone at 273.15 to 303.15 K and a partial pressure of gas of 101.32 kPa, are reported. Gibbs energy, enthalpy, and entropy of solution at 298.15 K and 101.32 kPa partial pressure of gas were evaluated. Effective hard-sphere diameter temperature dependence has been studied and its effect on the calculated SPT (Scaled Particle Theory) solubilities, and enthalpies and entropies of solution was also examined.

There is no information about the effect of different pasture types on tissue fatty acid profiles of a native rustic lamb breed of the Chiloe Archipelago, the Chilota. Eight Chilota lambs were grazed on a 'Calafatal' pasture (CP), a typical secondary succession of Chiloé Archipelago (Chile) and eight Chilota lambs were located to graze on naturalized pasture (NP) of Chiloé. Botanical, chemical and lipid composition of the two types of pastures and of different lamb tissues (muscle, subcutaneous - and tail adipose tissues) and plasma were performed. Both pasture types induced high n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and CLAcis-9,trans-11 proportions in Chilota meat. Thus, in muscle, Chilota lambs grazing CP showed higher sum PUFA, sum n-6 PUFA proportion and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio compared with Chilota lambs grazing NP. In tail fats of Chilota lambs grazing CP significantly higher proportions of 18:3n-3, sum saturated fatty acids, sum PUFA, n-3 and n-6 PUFA were detected compared with Chilota lambs grazing NP. Feeding of different pasture types (CP vs. NP) caused significant differences in fatty acid composition of muscle and the two fat depots in Chilota lambs, but also point to tissue-specific responses of de novo synthesized fatty acid deposition in the tissues.

The focus of the present study was to investigate how the different chemical and botanical composition of two different pasture types, Calafatal pasture (CP) and naturalized pasture (NP), affect gene/protein expression levels of lipogenic enzymes and transcription factors (ACC, FAS, SCD1, and SREBP‐1c) as well as the concentrations of their fatty acid products in subcutaneous adipose tissue of Chilota lambs. Sixteen male Chilota lambs kept under different grazing conditions, CP versus NP, in Chiloé Archipelago (Chile) were included in the experiment. QRT‐PCR, western blot and fatty acid analysis were performed of subcutaneous adipose tissue samples. Compared to NP, CP diet induced a 1.51‐fold increase of ACACA expression, a 1.60‐fold rise of FASN expression and a 1.56‐fold elevation of SREBF1 expression. SCD gene expression did not significantly differ between both feeding groups. Different pasture types did not affect protein expression levels of lipogenic enzymes (ACC, FAS, and SCD1) and transcription factor pSREBP‐1c (precursor form) and mSREBP‐1c (mature form) in subcutaneous fat of lambs. Amounts of single and the sum of saturated fatty acids were significantly higher in subcutaneous fat samples of lambs fed NP than of lambs fed CP. Concentrations of single PUFA and the sum n‐3 and n‐6 PUFA and the n‐6/n‐3 PUFA ratio were not affected by different pasture types. The inclusion of different adipose tissue depots and more sampling “endpoints” during animal growth may be beneficial to comprehensively elucidate the mechanisms by which dietary PUFA intervention affects the lipid metabolism of adipose tissues in lambs. Practical applications: Increasing public awareness of the health benefits attributable to PUFA (n‐3 PUFA) has stimulated interest in sources of these fatty acids for human consumption. In relation to lamb adipose and muscle tissue, it is considered a good source of nutrients such as PUFA, especially if lambs are fed on pastures rather than concentrates. This study provides deeper insights in the clarification of the regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis and fat partitioning in tissues of ruminants with special emphasis on lambs. Relative gene expression differences between subcutaneous fat samples of Chilota lambs grazing on two different pasture types, Calafatal pasture (CP) and naturalized pasture (NP).

Sheep production on dryland is based on natural pasture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dryland legume pastures on the fatty acid composition of lamb meat. The study included 21 Suffolk Down male lambs aged about 2-mo that were randomly assigned to three types of pastures: successional pasture, subterranean clover/Wimmera ryegrass (Trifolium subterraneum L./Lolium rigidum Gaudin), or red clover/Wimmera ryegrass (T. pratense L./L. rigidum) for 66 d, and slaughtered after. The fatty acid profile measured in the Longissimus dorsi muscle showed no significant differences as to the content of saturated (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and the omega6/omega3 rate (ω6/ω3). There was a trend (p > 0.06) towards a higher monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content in the meat of lambs fed on red clover when compared to the other pasture types. Although there were no significant differences among treatments, the results obtained with natural pasture cannot be extrapolated to natural dryland pastures due to their high legume content. It is concluded that using subterranean clover/Wimmera ryegrass would provide a similar meat quality when compared to results obtained from forage based on red clover/Wimmera ryegrass.