The high-strength aluminum alloy is the potential candidate to replace conventional materials. It has excellent corrosion-resistant, recyclable machinability. The joining of such a type of alloy using fusion welding is very difficult. Solid-state welding, friction stir welding (FSW) has been used. However, this process has attained a maximum joint of 90% of base material strength. The drop of remaining strength is due to the formation of the temperate region in the thermo-mechanically affected area. Most of the researchers have been reported that the failure has observed at the interface. Many techniques have been followed to improve the strength at the temperate region, namely, post-weld heat treatment, backing plate change, sheet position, tool offset, etc. In this study, the shot blasting technique has been used to improve the lost strength in the soft region. From the experimental result, the joint shot-peened with steel shot yielded higher strength than the classical friction stir welded (C-FSW) joints. Moreover, the stability of the shot-peened joint has been conceived 6.9% more than the C-FSW joint.
The demand for lightweight materials (aluminium and magnesium alloy) in structural applications is increasing due to strength ratio, corrosion resistance, formability, and recyclability. Fusion welding of aluminium and its alloy is difficult due to the formation of hot cracking, alloy segregation, porosity, etc. Henceforth, fusion welding is not an ideal process for joining aluminium and its alloy. Steel rivets are being used to join similar and dissimilar alloys in different joint configurations. Since the use of steel rivets, aircraft weight has increased drastically. Although, dissimilar metal corrosion has been encountered. These two are the main problems in structural fabrication industries. The solid-state welding friction stir welding process eliminates the issues mentioned earlier. This process can weld materials well below the melting point. Moreover, the formation of weld in the weld line could be achieved by severe plastic deformation and recrystallized grains. This metallurgical joint may replace the rivets.
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