The article is devoted to the psycholinguistic factors of translation non-linearity, realized in the multiple translation solutions. Multiple solutions are caused by the use of translator’s different translation strategies in the same translation situation. The aim of the study is to identify mechanisms for making translation solutions and to determine psycholinguistic tools to improve the quality of specialized translation. The research procedure includes a psycholinguistic experiment with the participation of 36 respondents, divided into three groups: the first group 1 – translators with expert status; groups 2, 3 – novice translators with semi-professional translation status. The experiment participants translated a specialized text from German into Ukrainian, in which the number of 13 units carrying informational entropy in relation to the total number of words was 68,0%. According to the experiment conditions, the participants in group 3 had to additionally perform a pre-translation text analysis (PTA) and a retrospective verbal report (RVR) of their translation solutions. The results of studying multiple translations of groups 1, 2, 3 and retrospective verbal reports of respondents from group 3 made it possible to establish strategies for translation behavior and ways of making translation solutions according to the procedural scheme. The experimental data showed that translation results of the group 3 in terms of the number of adequate versions (AV) and partially acceptable versions (PAV) were only 6,7% lower than in the group of professional translators 1. In terms of the number of erroneous versions (EV), group 3 showed only 6,8% lower translation quality compared to group 1. In group 2, a significantly lower quality of translation was notified. According to the experiment results, in group 2 33,4% less AV / PAV was registered, and 35,8% more EV than in group 1. The conclusions of the experiment indicate the importance of the psycholinguistic factor of translation solutions’ deautomatization at the stages of analysis, synthesis and translation product revision. The psycholinguistic tools of PTA and RVR contributed to improving the specialized translation quality due to the awareness of mental processes by translators.
The proposed article represents the experimental experience of applying the method of blended learning at the classes of specialised translation at the Institute of Philology of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The purpose of the experiment was to assess the effectiveness of the blended learning method in comparison with the traditional methods of teaching specialised translation regarding the formation of the subject, linguistic and transfer competences of would-be translators. The introduction of the method into the process of future translators' training was carried out on the basis of the Open Educational Resource (OER) of the Virtual Academy of Sustainability (Bremen, Germany) and was accompanied by an author’s set of exercises. One control group and two experimental groups of respondents participated in the translation experiment. Each group consisted of 11 participants. Before the start of the experiment, the control group had traditional face-to-face translation training, and the experimental groups studied an adapted online course using the blended learning method. In total, 33 multiple translations of the control scientific and technical text were analysed. The criteria for assessing the level of formation of the three types of translator's competences were the indicators of absolute and average frequency of structural and semantic, target discourse, professional discourse mistakes made in the control translation by each group. The results of the experiment have confirmed the author’s hypothesis about the effectiveness of using the blended learning method, first and foremost, to form the subject competence of would-be translators. The experiment has shown a decrease in the absolute frequency of professional discourse mistakes, which correlates with the translator's subject competence. According to the experiment, the introduction of the blended learning method in face-to- face training serves as a means of enhancing the quality of translation by improving translator’s three basic competences. The use of the blended learning method in other types of translation activities, in particular, consecutive and simultaneous interpreting, is considered to be perspective for the training ofprofessionals in a variety of majors.
The article deals with the category of informational entropy in the source text as a matter of translation psycholinguistics. The informational entropy of the lexical units on different levels in the source text refers to subjective factors that reduce the translation quality. Lexical units-carriers of the source text’s informational entropy cause informational deficits in the translator’s consciousness. The aim of the search is to consider the category of informational entropy from the standpoint of psycholinguistics and cognitive translation theory, identify the causes of informational entropy, establish linguistic and genre-stylistic markers of the lexical entropy units in the source text, identify ways to minimize entropy in the specialized translation. The research procedure involves a psycholinguistic experiment with the participation of 85 informants with semi-professional translation status. The participants produced a German-Ukrainian translation of a specialized text, in which the number of lexical units contained informational entropy as a percentage of the total words’ number was 17.9%. The results of the translation’s comparative analysis indicate similar psycholinguistic mechanisms for understanding lexical units with informational entropy, leading to false translation solutions in the target texts. Such mechanisms include an incorrect choice of the translation method and a lack of attention to the extralinguistic information in the source text. The conclusions of the psycholinguistic experiment confirm the universal nature of the informational entropy, resulting in translation quality degradation. The psycholinguistic factor for the false translation solutions is an automatic suppression the contextual meaning of the source text’s lexical item by its subject-logical meaning in the translator’s mind, realized in the incorrect choice of the translation method.
ТИПОЛОГІЯ ПЕРЕКЛАДАЦЬКИХ ПОМИЛОК У ПАРАДИГМІ СИНЕРГЕТИКИ У пропонованій статті представлено синергетично-інформаційну класифікацію помилок перекладача в системі спеціального перекладу. На підставі перекладів-еталонів та множинних цільових перекладів аналізуються помилкові рішення перекладача в спеціальних текстах соціально-психологічного дискурсу (жанр «есе») та адміністративно-ділового дискурсу (жанр «протокол»). Парадигму дослідження помилок перекладача утворює міждисциплінарний напрям синергетики перекладу як теорії самоорганізації соціальних систем. У розвідці окреслюються теоретичні засади методології синергетики перекладу, визначаються розрізняльні ознаки перекладу як об'єкта синергетичних досліджень, у тому числі синергетичні принципи Буття і Становлення системи спеціального перекладу. Аналізується дія синергетичних принципів на прикладі нелінійності перекладу. Методологічним підґрунтям дослідження виступає авторська синергетично-інформаційна модель системи спеціального перекладу. Відповідно до рівнів синергетичної системи спеціального перекладу встановлюються типи перекладацьких похибок, виявляються причини їх виникнення та окреслюються прогностичні шляхи мінімізації хибних перекладацьких рішень. Виокремлюються п'ять типів помилок перекладача: структурно-семантичні (мовні) помилки; дискурсивно-цільові помилки як відхилення від жанрово-стилістичних норм цільового дискурсу; дискурсивно-ситуативні помилки у формі хибної ідентифікації факторів комунікативної ситуації вихідного тексту з боку перекладача; дискурсивно-фахові помилки, які реалізуються через перекладацьке викривлення спеціальних знань фахової області оригіналу; фонові помилки як дефіцит референційних знань перекладача. Робиться висновок про зниження ефективності міжкультурної фахової комунікації, причиною якого переважно стають інформаційні дефіцити перекладача на рівні дискурсу, які потребують превентивних стратегій усунення ще до початку виконання перекладу. Ключові слова: синергетика перекладу, синергетично-інформаційна модель системи спеціального перекладу, перекладацька помилка, синергетично-інформаційна класифікація, структурно-семантичні помилки, дискурсивно-цільові помилки, дискурсивно-ситуативні помилки, дискурсивно-фахові помилки, фонові помилки. Dorofeyeva M. S. Translation mistakes typology in the paradigm of synergetics. The paper presents a synergetic-information classification of translator's mistakes in the system of specialized translation. It analyzes the false translation solutions in the specialized texts, which belongs to socio-psychological discourse (essay genre) and to administrative discourse (protocol genre), on the base of their standard and multiple translations as well. An interdisciplinary field of translation synergetics as a theory of selforganization in the social systems builds the research paradigm of translator's mistakes. The paper outlines theoretical background of synergetic methodology, describes distinctive features of translation as a synergetic object, including synergetic principles of Being and Formatio...
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