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SummaryCoagulation factors (accelerator globulin, antihemophilic globulin, specific prothrombin, proconvertin complex and Stuart-Prower factor) in 82 low birth weight infants (750–1750 g), 22 normal adult controls and 38 pregnant women prior to delivery were studied at San Borja Hospital in Santiago, Chile.Pregnant women prior to delivery had significantly higher values of accelerator globulin, antihemophilic globulin, proconvertin complex and Stuart-Prower factor than adult controls, but there was no difference in specific prothrombin.The coagulation factors were similar in premature infants without RDS as compared to those with RDS (lived and died combined). However, premature infants with RDS who lived had higher values of prothrombin, proconvertin complex, Stuart-Prower factor at 25 hrs and accelerator globulin at 55 hrs of age than those with RDS who died. Most of these findings could be explained by impaired liver function in association with hypoxia.

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The impaired formation of the diaphragma sellae may lead to the development of the empty-sella syndrome. This structure, when fully formed, is a protective barrier against the pulsating action that the cerebrospinal fluid exerts on the sellar content. There are anatomical features which support this belief, but they also suggest that the development of the diaphragma sellae is a factor which determines the morphology of the sella turcica and its contents. Those human specimens which do not have diaphragma sellae or in which it is only partially developed, are characterized by a smaller hypophysis, always located at the inferior and/or posterior half of the sella, with a larger sellar volume and frequently greater fragility of its bony walls. These findings, although rare (5% of the cases), are indirect signs of the important role which the diaphragma sellae plays in the sellar region.