The high incidence of new-onset diabetes mellitus after transplantation (NODAT) suggests the need to find new factors to explain the pathogenesis. Our objectives were (1) to confirm that low levels of pretransplant adiponectin are an independent risk factor for the development of NODAT in a larger transplanted population; (2) to analyze whether adiponectin is a better predictor of NODAT than other inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a ) and pregnancyassociated plasma protein A (PAPP-A)) and (3) to assess the relationship between obesity, inflammatory markers and NODAT. One hundred ninety-nine nondiabetic patients (128 men; age: 53 ± 11 years; body mass index (BMI) 24.98 ± 3.76 kg/m 2 ) were included. Pre-transplant plasma glucose, insulin, adiponectin, CRP, TNF-a , IL-6 and PAPP-A were measured. Fortyfive patients developed NODAT. Patients with NODAT had a greater BMI (p = 0.005). Adiponectin was lower (p < 0.001) and CRP higher (p = 0.032) in patients with NODAT. Multivariate logistic regression and Cox analysis showed that the calcineurin inhibitor used, pre-transplant BMI and adiponectin were predictors of NODAT. ROC analysis showed that an adiponectin concentration of 11.4 lg/mL had a significant negative prediction for NODAT risk (sensitivity: 81% and specificity: 70%). Of the inflammatory markers studied, adiponectin proved to be an independent predictor of NODAT.

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Background: The accuracy of prediction equations has not been validated in adult patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 4–5 in extreme situations of nutritional status and age. Objective and Methods: The significance of nutritional status, calculated with the creatinine production (CP) formula, and age (≤64 years and >64 years) in the application of different prediction equations – modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD), simplified MDRD (sMDRD), Cockcroft-Gault (CG) – and the mean of urea and creatinine clearance (Cr-Ur) compared with the isotopic glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation calculated by 51Cr-EDTA was studied in 87 Caucasian adults with CKD stages 4–5 (GFR: 30–8 ml/min/1.73 m²). The Bland-Altman method and Lin’s concordance coefficient (Rc) were used to study accuracy (bias) and precision. Results: The GFR calculated with ⁵¹Cr-EDTA in the study group was 22.2 ± 6.9 ml/min/1.73 m² (range: 8–30). CG and sMDRD were the best prediction equations with bias of –1.1 and –3.8 ml/min/1.73 m² and Rc of 0.52–0.50. In this situation, the mean Cr-Ur proved the most inaccurate equation compared with the isotopic technique with bias of –5.4 ml/min/1.73 m² and Rc of 0.32. In the analysis of patients with higher CP (> 0.90; n = 44), CG and sMDRD obtained the best bias of 1.2 and –2.7 ml/min/1.73 m² and Rc of 0.54–0.53. In patients aged ≤64 (n = 44), these equations obtained a bias of 1.1 and –3.6 ml/min/1.73 m² and Rc 0.50–0.49. Both in lower CP (≤0.90; n = 43) and older age (>64 years; n = 43), all the equations underestimated the value obtained with isotopic GFR. In these situations, the results obtained with CG had a bias of –2.2 and –3.6 ml/min/1.73 m² (Rc 0.29–0.56) and with sMDRD –4.0 and –4.1 ml/min/1.73 m² (Rc 0.39–0.51). In these circumstances, Cr-Ur was the most inaccurate equation, obtaining a bias of –10.1 and –13.2 ml/min/1.73 m² (Rc 0.14–0.16). Conclusions: In the group with higher CP and age ≤64 years, results of the presented data yielded no evidence for superiority of the MDRD equation over CG formula in patients with advanced renal failure. On the basis of our results, we do not recommend the use of the Cr-Ur adjusted to 1.73 m² of body surface area, which was the most imprecise equation. Application of all the equations proved inaccurate in lower CP patients with or without advanced age, implying the premature start of substitution renal treatment. In these circumstances, ambulatory GFR determination by isotopic techniques would be indicated.

Background Asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2 can be a vehicle for transmission of the infection. This fact is of particular importance in the case of healthcare workers (HCWs). Design Cross-sectional study in HCWs in a medium size hospital in the South of Spain. Methods between April 15 and 25, 2020, naso and oropharyngeal PCR determination was performed together with IgG and IgM antibody determination by immunochromatography to the HCWs of the Costa del Sol Hospital in Marbella of the units involved in patient care with CoVID-19: Emergencies, Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Internal Medicine and Pneumology. Other units not directly involved in the care of these patients were offered to participate. On the day of sampling, a health questionnaire was answered, reporting symptoms on the same day and in the previous fourteen days. Results 498 HCWs were studied. Two individuals were detected with PCR for SARS-CoV-2 positive. Both were asymptomatic on the day of sampling, but one of them had had a CoVID-19 compatible picture in the previous two weeks and had positive IgG and IgM; therefore, only one subject was truly asymptomatic carrier (0.2%). 9 workers with positive IgG (1.8%) were detected. Conclusions the prevalence of asymptomatic carriers among health workers of the services directly involved in the care of patients with CoVID-19 was very low in our center. This type of strategy can be one more tool in controlling the pandemic.

The 3,5-disubstituted tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione scaffold have found many applications in recent years. This review is aimed at highlighting the most important aspects about these compounds: synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and antiprotozoan activities. How the chemical nature of N-substituents influences the overall activity / cytotoxicity profile will also be discussed.