The text of this article emphasizes that the history of transplantation as an independent medical industry originated in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the first successful operation to transplant human organs and tissues was performed there by the surgeon Yuri Voronoy. Today Russia is one of the world-leading powers where human organ and tissue transplant operations are performed. Among all the subjects of Russia where transplant operations are carried out, Sverdlovsk region occupies a special place: doctors in this region conduct successful operations on organ and tissue transplantation and make discoveries that are significant for Russian transplantology. The study of Russian laws and regulations regulating relations in the field of transplantology conducted by authors, as well as an analysis of the scientific literature showed that relations in the field of transplantology are not fully regulated by Russian legislation, including criminal law. On the territory of Sverdlovsk region in particular, as well as on the territory of Sverdlovsk region as a whole, it is possible, for example, to carry out transactions for the sale and purchase of human organs and tissues with impunity, if such transactions are not related to causing harm to the life and health of the victim. These deals are illegal, but not punishable. As the analysis of the practice carried out in the framework of this study has shown, the inhabitants of Sverdlovsk region suffered from the imperfection of the norms of Russian legislation regulating relations in the field of transplantology. While the residents of Sverdlovsk region are suffering from illegal transplantation, one cannot speak of the sustainable development of this region. The authors of the study, in order to combat illegal transplantation in Sverdlovsk region, propose that the regional authorities strengthen measures to improve the general legal literacy of the population, introduce a register of citizens' opinions on the posthumous transplantation of their organs and tissues, and introduce mandatory registration of transactions made in Sverdlovsk region, a subject of which are human organs and tissues.

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The author analyzes definitions of the concepts of determinants of crime given by various scientists and offers her definition. In this study, determinants of crime are understood as a set of its causes, the circumstances that contribute committing them, as well as the dynamics of crime. It is noted that the Russian legislator in Article 244 of the Criminal Code defines the object of this criminal assault as public morality. Despite the use of evaluative concepts both in the disposition of this norm and in determining the specific object of a given crime, the position of criminologists is unequivocal: crimes of this kind are immoral and are in irreconcilable conflict with generally accepted moral and legal norms. In the paper, some views are considered with regard to making value judgments which could hardly apply to legal norms. According to the author, the reasons for abuse of the bodies of the dead include economic problems of the subject of a crime, a low level of culture and legal awareness; this list is not exhaustive. The main circumstances that contribute committing abuse of the bodies of the dead and their burial places are the following: low income and unemployment, low level of criminological prevention, poor maintenance and protection of medical institutions and cemeteries due to underperformance of state and municipal bodies. The list of circumstances is also open-ended. Due to some factors, including a high level of latency, it is not possible to reflect the dynamics of such crimes objectively. At the same time, identification of the determinants of abuse of the bodies of the dead will reduce the number of such crimes.

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