The division of the Australian labour market into two parts—a male labour market and a female labour market—is documented. This type of dualism in the labour market is inherent in the institutions of the economy and the society. A socio-economic model which generates either male occupations or female occupations, and in which a true mixed sex occupation is the exceptional case, is developed. Integration of the labour market requires a comprehensive and integrated set of policy measures and it is essential to know when an occu pation is about to "switch" from a male occupation to a female occupation if policy measures are to be effective.
This article examines transnational connections among anti-communist women in Brazil, Chile and the United States from the s to the s. It explores the political beliefs and networks upon which these women drew and built in order to promote their role in the overthrow of João Goulart and Salvador Allende and to encourage other women across the Americas to join them in the fight against communism. This paper shows that these women reversed the flow of ideas, served as models for each other and for anti-communist women, and built gendered transnational networks of female anti-communist activists.
This innovative book challenges the perceived view, based largely on long observation of artificially-fed chimpanzees in Gombe and Mahale National Parks, Tanzania, of the typical social behaviour of chimpanzees as aggressive, dominance seeking, and fiercely territorial. In polar opposition, all reports from naturalistic (non-feeding) field studies are of non-aggressive chimpanzees living peacefully in non-hierarchical groups, on home ranges open to all. These reports have been ignored and downgraded by most of the scientific community. By utilising the data from these studies the author is able to construct a model of an egalitarian form of social organisation, based on a fluid role relationship of mutual dependence between many charismatic chimpanzees of both sexes and other more dependent members. This highly and necessarily positive mutual dependence system is characteristic of both (undisturbed) chimpanzees and (undisturbed) humans who live by the 'immediate-return' foraging system.
The international movement in solidarity with Chile that developed and flourished in the 1970s first emerged when the Unidad Popular government of Salvador Allende (1970—1973) was still in power but gained strength after the Chilean military overthrew the government and imposed the military dictatorship that ruled that country from 1973 to 1990. The power of the movement stems from the historical context in which it arose, the tremendous appeal exerted by the Allende government, North Americans’ familiarity with and support for the UP government, the outrage and horror many felt at the atrocities committed by the dictatorship, and the presence of Chilean political refugees in the United States. The work that the solidarity movement engaged in ranged from securing entry for political refugees and direct action against the Chilean ship Esmeralda to raising funds for the Chilean resistance through cultural programs. While political tensions among the refugees undermined the movement to a degree, the presence of the refugees brought their experience into the lives of North Americans and inspired them to support the Chilean resistance.
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